Carbon sole source

Compounds with organophosphate moieties, such as Diazinon, Methyl Parathion, Coumaphos and Glyphosate are usually hydrolyzed at the phosphoms atom (40,58). Indeed several Flavobacterium isolates are able to grow using parathion and diazinon as sole sources of carbon. 

Triazines pose rather more of a problem, probably because the carbons are in an effectively oxidized state so that no metaboHc energy is obtained by their metaboHsm. Very few pure cultures of microorganisms are able to degrade triazines such as Atrazine, although some Pseudomonads are able to use the compound as sole source of nitrogen in the presence of citrate or other simple carbon substrates. The initial reactions seem to be the removal of the ethyl or isopropyl substituents on the ring (41), followed by complete mineralization of the triazine ring. 

Even higher organisms can be used for the production of labeled compounds. Plants, tobacco, or Canna indica for example, when grown in an exclusive atmosphere of radioactive carbon dioxide, [ 002], utilize the labeled precursor as the sole source of carbon for photosynthesis. After a suitable period of growth, almost every carbon atom in the plant is radioactive. Thus, plants can serve as an available source of C-labeled carbohydrates (9). 

A bacterium is grown aerobically with glucose as sole source of carbon and ammonium ions as nitrogen source. Experimental analysis shows that six moles of glucose are utilised for each mole of biomass produced. Write the reaction equation for growth if the elemental composition of the cells is CHi,666 CW Nojd. 

False. The ability to utilise methane as a sole source of carbon and energy (methanotrophy) is found in several genera of bacteria, such as Methylonumas, Pseudomonas and Methylococcus. 

At that time few micro-organisms capable of using methanol as sole source of carbon methylotrophs and energy (methylotrophs) had been isolated, and so steps were taken to isolate such organisms from samples of soil, water and vegetation. 

Assume that you have a culture of a Mycobacterium sp which is able to use cholesterol or -sitosterol as its sole source of carbon and energy. 

Initially, attempts to grow the organism on sodium acetate as the sole source of carbon were unsuccessful, but the difficulties were overcome and mannitol, arabinitol, erythritol, glycerol, maltose, and a,a-trehalose were produced. This was a useful development because conditions were established for the incorporation of [14C] acetate, thereby making labeled polyols and disaccharides available. 

Aiming at the feasibility study of such type of asymmetric decarboxylation, we screened microorganisms which are able to grow on the medium containing tropic acid as the sole source of carbon. It is expected that at least one of the major metabolic pathway of tropic acid is the oxidation of the hydroxyl group followed by decarboxylation and further oxidation of the resulting aldehyde (Fig. 20). If... 

Fortunately, some soil microorganisms were found to grow utilizing tropic acid as the sole source of carbon. Among them, a bacterium identified as Rhodococ-cus sp. was also active to the methyl derivative. The isolated product was R)-a-phenylproionate as shown in Fig. 20. 

Yu P, T Welander (1995) Growth of an aerobic bacterium with trichloroacetic acid as the sole source of energy and carbon. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 42 769-774. 

Alcaligenes denitrificans strain NTB-1 is able to use 4-chloro-, 4-bromo-, and 4-iodoben-zoates as sole sources of carbon and energy. The pathway involves hydrolytic dehalogenation to 4-hydroxybenzoate followed by hydroxylation to 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (van den Tweel et al. 1987). 

Bliimel S, M Contzen, M Lutz, A Stolz, H-J Knackmnuss (1998) Isolation of a bacterial strain with the ability to ntilize the snlfonated azo compound 4-carboxy-4 -snlfoazobenzene as the sole source of carbon and energy. Appl Environ Microbiol 64 2315-2317. 

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