Neem extract

Inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis by neem extracts in fungal cells appear to occur in the very early stages of the biosynthetic pathway (i.e., prior to norsolorinic acid synthesis) because after the initiation of secondary metabolism, the inhibitory effect of the neem leaf constituents was lost (84). 

Neem extracts, pure constituents (i.e. azadirachtin) and formulated products showed positive results against Tetranichus mites [279-283]. Less polar extracts were considerably more toxic than polar ones or cold-pressed neem oil or commercial neem oil, and reduced the fecundity of the mites on treated plants and the survival of nymphs hatched from treated eggs application of pentane extract or neem oil in sublethal concentrations, caused growth disrupting effects on the nymphal stages and ovicidal effects. Quantification of the insecticidal substance azadirachtin in the extracts revealed that this compound was not the most active principle against the mites [284]. 

Unlike most botanical insecticides, neem also has somewhat of a systemic" effect. This means that plants can take up neem extracts through their roots and leaves, spreading the... 

Songkiuistmtom., L, (1989). The efficacy of neem nil and neem-extracted substances on the rice leafhypper Nephotetiix virescens. J. Mat. Res. Council Thailand 21, 37-58. 

Neem extracts 304 Nephoteltix vsrescens 304 yj-nitroanisole 47 p-nitrobenzoic add 47 NMR spectrum 57.58... 

Neem extracts are highly effective not only in preventing or reducing feeding by a variety of insects but also as a repellent, inhibitor of growth and development, and sterilant. A comprehensive review published by Warthen (6) in 1979 lists 20 species of the order Coleoptera (beetles), 4 species of the order Diptera (flies),... 

Compositions for the abatement of the mosquito have included anacardic acid, the primary function of which may be to enhance the shelf life through its UV absorbing properties [274], The same might apply to formulated products with insecticidal activity, containing anacardic acid, and based on cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of neem extract [275]. 

A reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats orally administered 500 mg/kg neem extract (Chandra et al. 2008). A reduction in blood glucose levels was observed after 2 weeks of treatment in diabetic rats orally administered 500 mg/kg of an ethanolic neem leaf extract daily (Kar et al. 2003). 

Panda, S., and A. Kar. 2000. How safe is neem extract with respect to thyroid function in male mice Pharmacol. Res. 41(4) 419-422. Parveen, D.S., B. Manivannan, K.M. Pathan, M. Kasturi, and R.N. Ahamed. 1993. Antispermatic activity Azadirachta indica leaves in albino rats. Curr. Sci. 64 688-689. 

Purwar R, Mishra P, Joshi M. Antibacterial finishing of cotton textiles using neem extract. AATCCRev 2008 8(2) 36-43. 

ANTIMICROBIAL FINISHING OF TEXTILES BASED ON NEEM EXTRACT Materiab and method ... 

R Purwar, Antibacterial Finishing of Cotton Textiles using Neem Extracts, PhD Thesis, irr New Delhi, India 2005. 

Antibacterial properties of neem extract treated fabric and the bacterial adherence on to the fabric was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM micrographs in Figure 2, clearly indicates that the Neem extract acts as an effective bactericidal t ent on to the fabric and inhibits the growth of bacteria on to the textile surfaces. 

Figure 3 TEM pictures of E. coli (a) without Neem extract (b), (c) and (d) expose to 7.5 mg/ml Neon extract for 6,16 and 24 hrs. respectively...

Neem Extract 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl arsenic acid... 

Wazed, S., Gupta, B., Joshi, M. (2010). Development of antimicrobial polyester using neem extract. In S. C. Anand, J. F. Kennedy, M. Miraftab, S. Rajendran (Eds.), Medical and healthcare textiles (pp. 108—116). Cambridge Woodhead Pubbshing Limited. 

Certainly, in the case of the insecticides, past experience has shown this approach to be successful, with synthetic pyrethroids as the best example. Other commercially useful botanical pesticides include nicotine, pyrethrum, rotenone and several other alkaloids. Similarly, other natural compounds modifying feeding behavior or inhibiting the growth of insect larvae, are considered viable alternatives to acute toxins, for insect control (3). One of the most successful examples so far is Neem, extracted from the seeds of the tree Azadirachta indica. 

Traditional Medicine. Neem extracts have been reported to possess antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties and are used in cases of stomach worms and ulcers. The stem and root bark and young fruits are reported to possess astringent, tonic, and antiperiodic properties. The root bark is reported to be more active than the stem bark and young fruits. The bark is reported to be beneficial in... 

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