Nausea Gastrointestinal

Accidental exposure to workers has caused metallic taste in the mouth, headache, nausea, gastrointestinal upset, dyspnea, chest tighmess, and paresthesia. A quantity of 5-15 ml spilled on one hand and wrist of a worker caused nausea and headache within 3-5 minutes. ... 

For the most part, ethosuximide is a safe drug. Most of the side effects are dose related and consist of nausea, gastrointestinal irritation, drowsiness, and anorexia. A variety of blood dyscrasias have been reported, but serious blood disorders are quite rare. 

Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, particularly propranolol, have been shown to be effective for anxiety symptoms particularly in situational anxiety and GAD. Buspirone, an azaspirodecanedione, is an agonist at 5-HTlA receptors and seems to have anxiolytic effects, though it is less potent than the BDZs and the effects take up to three weeks to become evident. There is high first pass metabolism and a considerable proportion of the effect is due to a metabolite (1-PP). The principal adverse effects of buspirone are nausea, gastrointestinal upset and headache. Antidepressant drugs, both the older tricyclic antidepressants and the newer drugs, have been demonstrated to have anxiolytic effects in mixed anxiety-depressive patients, GAD and panic disorder. 

The adverse effects of the most commonly prescribed antidepressants—the SSRIs—can be predicted from their potent inhibition of SERT. SSRIs enhance serotonergic tone, not just in the brain but throughout the body. Increased serotonergic activity in the gut is commonly associated with nausea, gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal... 

Propylthiouracil (PTU) Inhibit thyroid peroxidase reactions block iodine organification inhibit peripheral deiodination of T4 and T Hyperthyroidism Oral duration of action 6-8 h delayed onset of action Toxicity Nausea, gastrointestinal distress, rash, agranulocytosis, hepatitis,hypothyroidism... 

Sulfasalazine has a high incidence of adverse effects, most of which are attributable to systemic effects of the sulfapyridine molecule. Slow acetylators of sulfapyridine have more frequent and more severe adverse effects than fast acetylators. Up to 40% of patients cannot tolerate therapeutic doses of sulfasalazine. The most common problems are dose-related and include nausea, gastrointestinal upset, headaches, arthralgias, myalgias, bone marrow suppression, and malaise. Hypersensitivity to sulfapyridine (or, rarely, 5-ASA) can result in fever, exfoliative dermatitis, pancreatitis, pneumonitis, hemolytic anemia, pericarditis, or hepatitis. Sulfasalazine has also been associated with oligospermia, which reverses upon discontinuation of the drug. Sulfasalazine impairs folate absorption and processing hence, dietary supplementation with 1 mg/d folic acid is recommended. 

Prominent side-effects common to the whole drug class (magnitude may vary between drugs) agitation akathisia, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, nausea, gastrointestinal distress/diarrhea, headache, withdrawal effects. 

Side effects. Piracetam is well tolerated and there is a low incidence of reported side effects. Those that do occur, at a frequency of less than 10%, include dizziness, insomnia, nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, weight gain, drowsiness and agitation. Piracetam is indicated only for the treatment of myoclonus, particularly cortical myoclonus. It is used as a second-line drug for patients who are resistant to valproate or the benzodiazepines. 

Several of the problems associated with the consumption of microbial cells are inherent to the cell and not intrinsic properties of the proteins per se. The presence of cell wall materials in unfractionsted cells is undesirable because it reduces the bioavailability of the proteins may contain antigenic, allergenic agents and factors causing nausea, gastrointestinal disturbances (flatulence diarrhea) and the cell wall materials also cause darkening of the cell material (50,51,52,53,54). 

Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure of workers to phosphine may cause inflammation of the nasal cavity and throat, weakness, dizziness, nausea, gastrointestinal, cardiorespiratory, and central nervous system symptomology, jaundice, liver effects, and increased bone density. Chronic exposure to very low concentrations may result in anemia, bronchitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and visual, speech, and motor disturbances. Chronic exposure may be more serious for children because of their potential longer latency period. There is no evidence of cumulative effect in grain workers exposed for long periods to phosphine. Intermittent exposures for months led to headaches but no other symptoms. 

The development of applications often leads to another round oft hypothesizing and testing in order to refine the applications. There was some initial success with L-dopa. It caused remission of Parkinson s disease in about one-third of the patients treated and improvements in one-third of the others, but there were also problematic side effects, including nausea, gastrointestinal distress, reduced blood pressure, delusions, and mental disturbance. The drug s effects on blood pressure seem to be caused by the conversion of L-dopa to dopamine outside the brain. For this reason, L-dopa is now given with levocarbidopa, which inhibits that process. 

HUMAN HEALTH RISKS Inhalation human TCLo 40 ppm Acute Risks inflammation of lungs asthmatic bronchitis CNS depression irritation and burning of skin and eyes headache nausea gastrointestinal irritation unconsciousness convulsions Chronic Risks mutagenic effects liver and kidney effects. 

HUMAN HEALTH RISKS EPA Group D not classifiable as to human carcinogenity Acute Risks irritation to eyes, mucous membranes, skin and respiratory tract Chronic Risks. headaches dizziness nausea gastrointestinal disturbances liver and kidney damage. 

ACUTE HEALTH RISKS irritation of skin, eyes, and respiratory system severe eye and skin bums headache nervousness dizziness insomnia nausea gastrointestinal upset frequent urination. 

Placebo-controlled studies In a doubleblind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 80 patients with amfetamine dependence, naltrexone 50 mg/day was given for 12 weeks [207 ]. There were adverse reactions in 14 patients and they were rated as mild. The most frequent reactions were nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, and fatigue. 

The Class I agents have many similar side effects and toxicities. The anticholinergic side effects include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary hesitancy and retention. Common gastrointestinal (GI) side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia. Cardiovascular adverse effects are hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and myocardial depression, especially in patients with congestive heart failure. Common central nervous system (CNS) side effects are headache, dizziness, mental confusion, hallucinations, CNS stimulation, paraesthesias, and convulsions. 

Incretin mimetic Severe renal or gastrointestinal disease Nausea, hypoglycaemia if used with another antidiabetic agent b... 

---