Nanocomposites assessment

Prashantha, K Soulestin, J. Lacrampe, M. Krawczak, P. Dupin, G. Claes, M. (2009) Masterbatch-Based Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Filled Polypropylene Nanocomposites Assessment of Rheological and Mechanical Properties. Compos. Sci Technol. Vol.69, No.11-12, p>p.l756-1763... 

Prashantha, K., Soulestin, J., Lacrampe, M. R, Krawczak, R, Dupin, G., and Claes, M. 2009. Masterbatch-based multi-walled carbon nanotube filled polypropylene nanocomposites Assessment of rheological and mechanical properties. 

A quantitative assessment of OMN s impact in natural systems is hard to achieve because it would require the quantitative determination of these complexes in a natural soil or sediment sample. Given the operational nature of current methods for isolation and purification of naturally occurring OMN complexes, it is not possible to prevent the possibility of significant alteration of the organic matter or co-extraction of other uncomplexed organic or inorganic soil or sediment components. Yet qualitative aspects of the architecture of these nanocomposites are... 

This chapter presents a review of the progress relating flammability measurements and properties deduced from microscale experiments of milligram size samples with measurements obtained from mesoscale experiments of sample size about 100 g. We present a comprehensive and integrated approach based on sound scientific method, yet practical for assessing the flammability of nanocomposite polymers in the early stage of their formulations where only milligram order quantities are available. Our approach does not extend to quantum chemistry or molecular dynamics to... 

These interesting POSS features, briefly mentioned above, have motivated this work to critically review recent developments in the syntheses of POSS polymer materials to form POSS nanocomposites. The work further examines the properties of POSS nanobuilding blocks that can otherwise be used for developing polymeric nanocomposites. In particular, the syntheses of POSS cages, monomers containing POSS cages, POSS-dendrimers cores, POSS-containing polymers and POSS nanocomposites are covered in details. It should be emphasized that the assessment of the relationship between the... 

Hussaini and Eldars [24] reported an investigation into the copolymers of aniline and o-phenylenediamine (o-PDA)/hydrophilic bentonite nanocomposites, which were synthesised by 5 1 M ratios of the respective monomers with different percentages of nanoclay via modified in situ chemical copolymerisation. The antibacterial activities of PANI-o-PDA/bentonite nanocomposites against both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria were assessed. 

Due to the positive influence of these nanofillers in the nanocomposites, an abundance of articles on different methods to quantify the influence of the nanofiller can be found in the literature. Many articles on assessing the clay dispersion in a polymer matrix by morphological and rheological studies have been published. Due to the relatively easy sample preparation and sample loading, rheology is often used to screen or characterize the nanofiller dispersion, or more generally determine the influence of the... 

Bactericidal Assessment on Cast and Electrospun P(3HB)-50 wt % no2 Nanocomposite Fibers... 

Lac Lach, R., Kim, G. M., Michler, G. H., GreUmann, W., Albrecht, K. Indentation fracture mechanics for toughness assessment of PMMA/Si02 nanocomposites. Macromat. Mater. Eng. 

The exciton photodissociation, charge transport, and the photovoltaic response of PVK/Ti02 nanocomposites for solar-cell applications have been assessed [210]. 

A soy protein isolate has been crosslinked with furfural, and then blended with an organoclay (Cloisite SOB). The crosslinking process has been ascertained from FTIR data. The degradation pattern of the crosslinked product has been examined using thermogravimetry. The kinetic parameters were assessed by a computerized LOTUS package. From the kinetic data the mechanism of degradation of the nanocomposites was asserted (100). 

This chapter reviews the general context of starch as a material. After a survey of the major sources of starch and their characteristic compositions in terms of amylase and amylopectin, the morphology of the granules and the techniques applied to disrupt them are critically examined. The use of starch for the production of polymeric materials covers the bulk of the chapter, including the major aspect of starch plasticization, the preparation and assessment of blends, the processing of thermoplastic starch (TPS), the problems associated with its degradation and the preparation of TPS composites and nanocomposites. The present and perspective applications of these biodegradable materials and the problems associated with their moisture sensitivity conclude this manuscript. 

No similar results/data about functional POs and OLS have been reported, but the role of the chemistry at the interface and of specific interfacial interactions, provided by inserted functionalities, has been experimentally proved by indirect measurements the effects of the presence of polar groups and their quantity onto the final morphology development and ultimate properties of related nanocomposites have been really assessed (Ciardelli et al. 2008). Two main important effects of the presence of polar groups onto POs during the melt intercalation and after the preparation of the nanocomposites can be highlighted from results reported and discussed in the literature ... 

The established interactions at the interface are able to thermodynamically stabilize the system and to maintain unchanged the assessed/reached morphologies also during reprocessing of the nanocomposites. 

It has been generally assessed that the mechanism of interaction among the components of PO/day nanocomposites involves the functionalities of the functional polymer used as matrix or compatibilizer. The most frequent explanation is related to the hydrophilic/ hydrophobic balance of components involving some kind of undefined polar interaction between the silicate layers and the functional polymer (Alexandre and Dubois 2000, Sinha Ray and Okamoto 2003, Pavlidou and Papaspyrides 2008). The direct intercalation/interac-tion of a wide numbers of MAH-grafted low-molecular-weight compounds with layered silicates has been studied suggesting that the anhydride can promote the intercalation even if this is not a modeling of polymer intercalation (Sibold et al. 2007). 

On these bases, it is clear that the achievement of the improvements above reported is first based on the ultimate distribution and dispersion of nanofillers. However, also the control of nanofiller particles organization, in aggregates and agglomerates, plays a key role. To pursue advanced properties moving from the nanocomposite structure, the multiscale organization of nanofillers in the polymer matrix has to be assessed. 

The chapter demonstrates that in spite of the incompatibility between hydrophilic natural fibres and hydrophobic polymeric matrices, the properties of natural fibre composites can be enhanced through chemical modifications. The chemical treatments have therefore played a key role in the increased applications of natural fibre composites in the automotive sector. Recent work has also shown that if some of the drawbacks of natural fibres can be adequately addressed, these materials can easily replace glass fibres in many applications. The chapter has also shown that there have been attempts to use natural fibre composites in structural applications, an area which has been hitherto the reserve of synthetic fibres like glass and aramid. The use of polymer nanocomposites in applications of natural fibre-reinforced composites, though at infancy, may provide means to address these efficiencies. Evidence-based life-cycle assessment of natural fibre-reinforced composites is required to build confidence in the green composites applications in automotive sector. 

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