Naming compounds acids

In 1877, Nencki (22) condensing ammonium thiocyanate with chloroacetic acid, attributed the name rhodaninic acid (Rhodaninsaure) to the compound he obtained. He noted the ability of rhodaninic acid to give colored derivatives with ferric salts. 

In 1882, Nencki and Sieber (98), condensing dibromopyruvic acid with thiourea, obtained a compound they named sulfuvinuric acid (Sulfuvinursaure), which was later demonstrated (99) to be a derivative of 2-aminothiazole. The same year Will (100) observed that the sulfur atom of 56 is masked to Pb(N03)2 and to alkalis. 

Systematic names formed by applying the principles of substitutive nomenclature are single words except for compounds named as acids. First one selects the parent compound, and thus the suffix, from the characteristic group listed earliest in Table 1.7. All remaining functional groups are handled as prefixes that precede, in alphabetical order, the parent name. Two examples may be helpful ... 

Although chlorosulfuric acid [7790-94-5] CISO H, is the Chemicaly hstracts name, chlorosulfonic acid is the commercial designation by which this compound is more widely known. Other synonyms include sulfuric chlorohydrin, sulfuric acid chlorohydrin, monochlorosulfuric acid, chlorohydrated sulfuric acid, monochlorosulfonic acid, and chlorohydrosulfurous acid. 

The unusual conditions needed to produce an a2o dye, namely, strong acid plus nitrous acid for dia2oti2ation, the low temperatures necessary for the unstable dia2onium salt to exist, and the presence of electron-rich amino or hydroxy compounds to effect coupling, means that a2o dyes have no natural counterparts. 

Analytical applications of pyrazolones have been reviewed by Busev et al. (65RCR237). Organic bases are easily characterized by formation of highly crystalline salts with picrolonic acid (l-(4-nitrophenyl-3-methyl-4-nitro-5-hydroxypyrazole). The last-named compound is used as a reagent for alkaloids, tryptophan, phenylalanine and for the detection and estimation of calcium (B-76MI40404). 

The name hydroxamic acid was first used by Losseii in 1869, in the case of oxalohj droxamic acid, obtained from diethyl oxalate and hydroxylamine. Where this grouping forms part of the main cyclic system, however, the compound is named as a derivative of this system. In this review, 2 and 3 would be named as 1-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidone and l-hydroxy-2-pyridone, respectively. 

Chemical Name Glutamic Acid Compound with L-Arginine Common Name —... 

The only exception to the rule requiring a single suffix is when naming compounds that have double or triple bonds. Thus, the unsaturated acid H2C=CHCH2C02H is 3-butenoic acid, and the acetylenic alcohol HC=CCH2CH2CH2OH is 5-pentyn-l-ol. 

As further examples, compounds 10 and 11 are both keto acids and mus be named as acids, but the parent name in 10 is that of a ring system (cyclo hexanecarboxylic acid) and the parent name in 11 is that of an open chair (propanoic acid). The full names are frrt/ s-2-(3-oxopropyl)cyclohexane carboxylic acid (10) and 3-(2-oxocyclohexyl)propanoic acid (11). 

Note, The last of the above examples is one of the possible forms of the compound referred to by the three-letter symbol Kdo (formerly the abbreviation KDO, from the previously allowed trivial name ketodeoxyoctonic acid). Similarly the symbol Kdn for the C9 sugar 3-deoxy-D-g/ycero-D-gaiacro-non-2-ulopyranosonic acid is widely used. 

Ma and others (2004) isolated and identified seven phenolic compounds in Poute-ria campechiana, P. sapota, and P. viridis, namely, gallic acid, (+)-gallocatechin,... 

As the story goes, a wine production batch gone bad provided fairly large amounts of a new organic compound, the study of which was deemed of practical importance for the French wine industry. The new material had the same molecular formula as tartaric acid, which to some experts of the time meant it had to be the same as tartaric acid. Solutions of salts of the new material, however, did not rotate the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light, as solutions of salts of tartaric acid were known to do. The new material was named para tartaric acid, or racemic acid (the name racemic acid being derived from the Latin racemus bunch of grapes). 

In the absence of electron-withdrawing ligands, disilanes possess only a little Lewis acidity consequently, they show a limited propensity to form hypervalent complexes. Starting from the symmetric methylchlorodisilanes ClMe2SiSiMe2Cl and Cl2MeSiSiMeCl2 as well as carboxylic acids and thiocarboxylic acids, Kawashima et al. have prepared rare examples of penta- and hexacoordinated disilene, namely compounds 886-889 (Scheme 125).855 856... 

Many hydrogen compounds are acids. Acids require a different system of nomenclature than other compounds. There are two types of acids binary acids and ternary acids. All acids include the word acid in their name. Binary acids contain only two elements one of which is hydrogen and the other a nonmetal. When naming binary acids, the prefix hydro- appears before the root name of the nonmetal, and there will be an -ic suffix. As an acid, H2S would be hydrosulfuric acid. We used H2S to illustrate the fact that there can be two possible names, hydrogen sulfide or hydrosulfuric acid. If your instructor does not specify which name to use, either is correct. Technically, the name hydrosulfuric acid only applies to aqueous solutions of H2S, H2S(aq). 

The effect is magnified considerably if there are nitro groups both ortho and para, so that the pATa for 2,4-dinitrophenol is 4.1. A third nitro group, as in 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, confers even more acidity, and this compound has pATa 0.4, making it a strong acid. This is reflected in its common name, picric acid. 

Analyses of methanolic extracts of the male webbing clothes moth (WCM), Tineola hisselliella (Hum.) (Lepidoptera Tineidae) showed three candidate pheromone components namely, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, (.Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, and octadec-anoic acid methyl ester. In bioassay experiments, the 16 carbon esters were attractive to both males and virgin females but the 18 carbon ester was inactive. The extracts of female WCM showed two compounds as candidate sex pheromone components, namely (T, )-2,13-octadecadienal and E,Z) 2,13-octadecadienol. The synthetic samples of the aldehyde and alcohol were attracting WCM males in bioassay experiments successfully ... 

Aristolochic acids, representatives of the substituted 10-nitrophenanthrene-l-acids, have been known since 1943, when Rosenmund and Reichstein first isolated aristolochic acid I (1) from A. clematitis (23) [this compound was named aristolochic acid A by Tomita and Sasagawa (24)]. Its structure was elucidated by Pailer et al. in 1956 by means of chemical reactions (25), and when several aristolochic acids—aristolochic acids II (2) (aristolochic acid B by Tomita), III (3) Ilia (4) (aristolochic acid C by Tomita), IV (5), and IVa (6)—were isolated from the root of A. clematitis by Pailer and his co-workers (26) and in the meantime from A. debilis and A. fangchi by Sasagawa (27). 

MacFarlane et al. [7] have investigated the extraction of polar organic compounds (acids, alcohols, and functionalized aromatic compounds) into nine hydrophobic ILs, namely, [C4CiIm][PFg] [C4QIm][Tf2N], [CgCiIm][Tf2N],... 

Trade Names. Compound starting from natural sclareol Ambermore (Aromor), Ambrox (Firmenich), Ambroxan (Cognis), Ambroxid (H R) compound starting from homofarne-senic acid derivatives Ambrox DL (Firmenich), Synambrane (FI R) compound starting from 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-l(2)enyl)-2-butenal Cetalox (Firmenich). 

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