Multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid protein

Warren, K. G. and Catz, I., Relative frequency of autoantibodies to myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid, J. Neurol. Sci., 121, 66, 1994. 

Glucocorticoids given intrathecally can cause a rise in cerebrospinal fluid protein and carry the risk of arachnoiditis (SED-8, 820). Chemical meningitis has been reported after two intrathecal injections of methylpredni-solone acetate (450) and after lumbar facet joint block (SEDA-17, 450). Intraspinal injections of hydrocortisone for multiple sclerosis apparently led in one case to a cauda equina syndrome, with subsequent ulceromutilating acro-pathy (SEDA-17, 450). Intra-discal injections of triamcinolone acetonide in a number of French cases led to disk or epidural calcification, sometimes symptomless (SEDA-17, 450). 

Concentration of total protein in cerebrospinal fluid is an essential biochemical parameter. It is impossible to agree with the opinion of some clinicians (many of whom are fascinated by the latest examination methods) that this is an unnecessary parameter. It is tme that the concentration of total protein in cerebrospinal fluid varies with respect to the reference range. It is known that the concentration of total protein in cerebrospinal fluid exceeding 1 g represents a principal challenge to the diagnosis of some CNS diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). This is fully in accordance with the results of a study (A24) in which the highest detectable level of total protein was 0.92 g... 

The concentration of total protein increases slightly with age. In multiple sclerosis, we have not proved any dependence of the level of total protein in cerebrospinal fluid on other clinical parameters. 

Sobek, O., Adam, R, Taborsky, L., Zeman, D., Kelbich, P., and Hildebrand, T., Protein fractions and other parameters of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin. Biochem. Metab. 8(29), 209-212 (2000). 

Terzi M, Birinci A, Cetinkaya E, Onar MK (2007) Cerebrospinal fluid total tau protein levels in patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 115 325-330 Tolnay M, Probst A (1999) REVIEW tau protein pathology in Alzheimer s disease and related disorders. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 25 171-187 Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2002) The role of tau in Alzheimer s disease. Med CUn North Am 86 615-627... 

Dore-Duffy P, Newman W, Balabanov R, Lisak RP, Mainolfi E, Rothlein R, Peterson M (1995) Circulating, soluble adhesion proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with multiple sclerosis Correlation with clinical activity. Ann Neurol 37 55-62. 

Holmoy T, Kvale EG, Vartdal F (2004) Cerebrospinal fluid CD4-I-T cells from a multiple sclerosis patient cross-recognize Epstein-Barr virus and myelin basic protein. 1 Neurovirol 10 278-283. 

Lumbar puncture (LP) is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is used most often as an evaluation of CNS infections such as meningitis and encephalitis, but it is also useful in subarachnoid hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis, and dementia. Opening pressure, cell count and differential, glucose concentration, total protein... 

Cerebrospinal Fluid. The proteome of cerebrospinal fluid can provide clues to several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis. This study has identified five proteins involved in amyloid-beta metabolism and other metabolisms. These include apolipoprotein Al, cathepsin D, and hemopexin, which were downregulated in Alzheimer patients the transthyretin and pigment epidermal factors were elevated. 

The main clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein eleetrophoresis is for the detection of the oligoclonal bands, which are present in multiple sclerosis in the gamma region. Similar to urine, proteins in the CSF are present fluid in very low concentration (100 times less than serum). For the majority of the samples, a 10- to 20-fold concentration is preferred before analysis by CE (by the same membrane concentrators used for urine). CSF protein separation can be accomplished in less than 10 min with CE versus 2 h for AG with the ability to detect oligoclonal banding by this technique [36]. 

Miyagishi, R., Kikuchi, S., Fukazawa, T., and Tashiro, K. (1995). Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory neurological diseases. J. Neurol. Sci. 129, 223-227. 

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