Sandia National Laboratory

The autlior tlianks Dr James Voigt and Dr Donald Ellerby of Sandia National Laboratories for tlieir teclniical review of tliis article, and Dr Ellerby for providing tlie SEM micrographs herein. 

Plimpton, S., Hendrickson, B. A New Parallel Method for Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Macromolecular Systems. 1994. Technical Report SAND94-1862. Sandia National Laboratories. 

K. L. Biringer and co-workers. Tower System Requirements and Selection for the Space Exploration Initiative, SAND-91-1593C, Sandia National Laboratories, N.M., 1991. 

This article was written at Sandia National Laboratories with support provided by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. 

J. E. Clifford and E. W. Brooman, Asessment of Nickel—Hydrogen Batteries for Terrestrial Solar Applications, SAND80-7191, Sandia National Laboratories, 1981. 

Petzold, L. R. A Description of DASSL A Differential-Algebraic System Solver, Sandia National Laboratory Report SAND82-8637 also in Stepleman, R. S. et al., eds. IMACS Trans, on Scientific Computing, vol. 1, pp. 65-68. 

Ang, J.A., B.D. Hansche, C.H. Konrad, and W.C. Sweatt (1991), Pulsed Holography For Hypervelocity Impact Diagnostics, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND91-2871C. 

Asay, J.R. (1981). The Sandia National Laboratories Shock Thermodynamics Applied Research (STAR) Facility, Sandia National Laboratories Report SAND81-1901. 

Asay, J.R., L.C. Chhabildas, and L.M. Barker (1985). Projectile and Impactor Designs for Plate-Impact Experiments, Sandia National Laboratories Report SAND85-2009. 

Baker, L.M. (1985). Balancing Projectiles for Light Gas Guns, Sandia National Laboratories Report SAND85-2012. 

Chhabildas, L.C., L.M. Barker, J.R. Asay, T.G. Trucano, and G.I. Kerley (1991), Sandia s New Hypervelocity Launcher/HVL, Sandia National Laboratories Report, SAND91-0657. 

Graham, R.A. and L.M. Lee (1986), Sandia National Laboratories and Ktech Corporation, private communication. 

Graham, R.A. and R.P. Reed (1978), Selected Papers on Piezoelectricity and Impulsive Pressure Measurement. Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND78-1911. 

R.A. Graham, B. Morosin, and B. Dodson, The Chemistry of Shock Compression A Bibliography, Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND83-1887,... 

Boade, R.R., M.E. Kipp, and D.E. Grady (1981), A Blasting Concept for Preparing Vertical Modified in Situ Oil Shale Retorts, Sandia National Laboratories Report SAND81-1255. 

Grady, D.E., T.K. Bergstresser, and J.M. TayIor(1985), Report SAND85-1545, Sandia National Laboratories. 

Kipp, M.E. and A.L. Stevens (1976), Report SAND76-0061, Sandia National Laboratories. 

Swegle, J.W. (1978), Report SAND78-1552, Sandia National Laboratories. 

These codes have stressed the current supercomputer, whether it was the CDC 6600 in the 1970s, the Grays in the 1980s, or the massively parallel computers of the 1990s. Multimillion cell calculations are routinely performed at Sandia National Laboratories with the CTH [1], [2] code, yet... 

C.T. Vaughan, Structural Analysis on Massively Parallel Computers, SAND90-1706C, Sandia National Laboratories Report, Albuquerque, NM 87185, 1991. 

D.L. Hicks, von Neumann Stability of the Wondy Wavecode for Thermodynamic Equations of State, SAND77-0934, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 1977. 

Breusov, O.N., Physical-Chemical Transformation of Inorganic Materials Under Shock Waves, in Proceedings, Second All-Union Symposium on Combustion and Explosion (edited by Stesik, L.N.), Chernogolovka, 1971, pp. 289-293, Translation, Sandia National Laboratories Report No. RS3144/79/43. 

Batsanov, S.S., Structural Aspect of Shock-Wave Propagatio in Crystals, in Proceedings, First All Union Symposium on Shock Pressures, Vol. 2 (edited by Batsanov, S.S.), Moscow, 1974, pp. 1-10. Translation, Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND80-6009, April 1980. 

Herrman, W., Balance Laws for Deformable Continua, Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND81-1757, Albuquerque, NM, 43 pp., August 1981. 

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