Mineral dust exposure

Doelman, C.J.A., Leurs, R., Ooestrom, W.C. and Bast, A. (1990). Mineral dust exposure and free radical-mediated lung damage. Exp. Lung Res. 16, 41-55. 

Churg A, Wright JL, Wiggs B, Pare PD, Lazar N (1985) Small airays disease and mineral dust exposure. Am Rev Respir Dis 131 139-143... 

Driscoll KE, Hassenbein DG, Carter J, et al. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and protein-2 expression by rat alveolar macrophages, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells and in rat lung after mineral dust exposure. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1993 8 311-318. 

Kuhn DC, Griffith JW, Stauffer JL, Riling S, Demers LM. Characterization of alveolar macrophage eieosanoid produetion in a non-human primate model of mineral dust exposure. Prostaglandins 1993 46 207-220. 

Recommended Health-Tased Eimits in Occupational Exposure to Selected Mineral Dusts Silica, Coal), Wodd Health Organization Technical Report Series 734, Geneva, Switzedand, 1986. 

Outdoor inhalation exposure is mainly due to traffic, energy production, heating, and natural factors such as pollen and mineral dusts. These outdoor sources of pollution also affect indoor air quality. The indoor concentration is typically 20-70% of the corresponding outdoor concentration. Occasionally the indoor concentrations of an external pollutant (especially radon) may even exceed the concentrations outdoors. ... 

Case-control M (176, 630) Mineral dust —job/exposure history OR 1.9 (0.8, 2.5) p < 0.05 for trend with duration no association seen in females (339 cases, 627 controls) Olsson38... 

The aerial parts of grasses in Savanna ecosystems exhibit a high ash content from 6 to 10%. This is partly due to the presence of minute particles of mineral dust, which are discernible under a microscope or, occasionally, even with the naked eye. The exposure to mineral dust accounts for 2-3% of the weight of dry mass of grass aerial parts. We can consider that this dust is responsible for the elevated concentrations of some minerals, like Ga, which has a low Cb value. This element contains in windblown finely dispersed clay particles. Nevertheless, even with allowance made for the silicate dust content, the total sum of ash elements in grasses of savanna ecosystems is twice as much as that of the grasses from Alpine Meadow ecosystems. 

Tantalum metal dust, exposure to, 24 334 Tantalum minerals, chemical compositions of, 24 315t. See also Tantalum ores Tantalum-Niobium International Study Center (TIC), 24 331 Tantalum nitrides, 24 335 Tantalum ores, 24 316. See also Tantalum minerals... 

Respirable Dust—with the objective of providing improvements for protecting miners from exposure to respirable coal mine dust. Study areas have included (a) dust formation fb) dust control, and (c) dust measurement. Tests have included the infusion of water into coal beds for control of respirable dust the use of water-based, high-expansion foaming systems in conjunction with continuous mining machines, to reduce dust at the face the use of roam systems for dust suppression on conveyors and transfer points and the use of prototype dust meters. See also Pneumokonioses. 

With the industrial revolution in the 19th century and the advent of high-speed machinery, dust exposure increased dramatically, as did dust-caused diseases. In the latter part of the 19th century, interest focused on dust exposure of miners, especially in the gold mines of South Africa and the tin mines of Cornwall. As a result of these studies and others, it was found that high exposure concentrations gave rise to more cases of lung disease. 

Cantin A, Dubois F, Begin R. 1988. Lung exposure to mineral dusts enhances the capacity of lung inflammatory cells to release superoxide. J Leukoc Biol 43 299-303. 

Liddell FDK, McDonald AD, McDonald JC. 1998. Dust exposure and lung cancer in Quebec chyrsotile miners and millers. Ann Occup Hyg 42 7-20. 

McMillan CH, Jones AD, Vincent JH, et al. 1989. Accumulation of mixed mineral dusts in the lungs of rats during chronic inhalation exposure. Environ Res 48 218-237. 

Vu VT. 1993. Regulatory approaches to reduce human health risks associated with exposures to mineral fibers. In Guthrie GD, Mossman BT, eds. Health Effects of Mineral Dusts. Washington, D.C. Mineralogical Society of America, 545-554. 

The most common hazard for exposure to crystalline silica occurs with sandblasters who use sand for cleaning of surfaces, thus generating dust clouds of freshly fractured crystalline silica. Other occupations include farm labor where mineral dusts are generated... 

The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration mineral dust standards for occupational exposure to crystalline silica depend on the actual composition of the sample. 

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