Methyl ethyl ketone Volume

Ketones and esters are required for C-type inks. Types of esters are ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, normal propyl acetate, and butyl acetate. From the ketone class, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) can be used. The usual solvent for D-type inks are mixtures of an alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol, with either aUphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. Commonly used mixtures are 50/50 blends by volume of alcohol and aUphatic hydrocarbon. 

Other uses include use as a reaction and extraction solvent in pharmaceutical production as an intermediate for the preparation of catalysts, antioxidants (qv), and perfumes and as a feedstock in the production of methyl isopropenyl ketone, 2,3-butanedione, and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. Concern has also arisen at the large volume of exported MEK which has been covertly diverted and used to process cocaine in Latin American countries... 

About 8,000 metric tons of peroxides were consumed in 1972. This consumption was strongly stimulated by the rapid growth in reinforced plastics (Ref 23). The largest volume product is benzoyl peroxide which is used in polystyrene and polyester markets for such items as toys, automobiles, furniture, marine, transportation and mil requirements. Also, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is used in large volumes to cure (as a catalyst) styrene-unsatur-ated polyester adhesive resins used in mil ammo adhesive applications, as well as in glass fiber reinforced plastic products such as boats, shower stalls, tub components, automobile bodies, sports equipment, etc. The monoperesters are growing slowly because of some substitution of the peroxydicarbonates and azo compds (Refs 8,9 23)... 

Fig. 111.—Experimental values of the interaction parameter %i plotted against the volume fraction of polymer. Data for polydi-methylsiloxane M =3850) in benzene, A (New-ingi6). polystyrene in methyl ethyl ketone, (Bawn et aV ) and polystyrene in toluene, O (Bawn et alP) are based on vapor pressure measurements. Those for rubber in benzene, T (Gee and Orr ) were obtained using vapor pressure measurements at higher concentrations and isothermal distillation equilibration with solutions of known activities in the dilute range.

The above values are applicable only in the limiting case of infinite dilution. The interaction parameter varies with the volume fraction of polymer network as has been demonstrated for the PDMS-benzene system by Flory (47) and PDMS-methyl ethyl ketone, PDMS-methyl isobutyl ketone, PDMS-ethyl-n-butyl ketone, and PDMS-diisobutyl ketone by Shiomi et al. (48). Theoretically calculated and experimentally observed values of X as a function of volume fraction of polymer are given for PDMS in alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and dimethyl siloxane oligomers by Gottlieb and Herskowitz (49). In the case of PDMS-alkanes, x was practically independent of the volume fraction of polymer. 

Dissolve 0.3 g of miconazole in 50 mL of a mixture of 1 volume of glacial acetic acid R and 7 volumes of methyl ethyl ketone R. Using 0.2 mL of naphthalbenzein solution R as indicator, titrate with 0.1 M perchloric acid until the color changes from orange-yellow to green. One milliliter of 0.1 M perchloric acid is equivalent to 41.61 mg of C18H14C14N20. 

Test Panel Preparation. Grit-blasted, steel Q-panels, 3 x 5 in were stored in protective paper inside a desiccator. Just prior to use they were rinsed with a 1/1 (by volume) mixture of mineral spirits and methyl ethyl ketone, allowed to dry, then rinsed with methyl ethyl ketone. Coatings were applied with a brush and thinned to uniform thickness with a number 24 helically wound (Meyer) rod. 

When C4H80 is diluted by water to 80 volume %, the only product of C4H80 oxidation is acetic acid (99% per methyl ethyl ketone reacted) formed by ketone hydroperoxide conversion. The reason for this increase in the reaction selectivity is that the rate of decomposition of the radical complex R02. . . HOH is lower than that of free R02, while the decrease in the rate of reaction of R02. . . HOH with methyl ethyl ketone is somewhat offset by the higher dielectric constant of the medium. 

This method is based on extraction of the solvents from the proplnt with a mixture of predried methyl ethyl ketone and secondary butyl alcohol (25/75% by volume). The method is ditectly applicable to propints contg NC of about 13.15% N. By controlling the ratio of extracting solvents, propints contg NC of lower N content (such as 12.60 or 12.00% N) can be analyzed by this procedure. For such proplnts, a lower MEK to sec-BuOH ratio should be used to prevent complete dissolvation... 

The trituration is carried out at room temperature, but the mixture is cooled before filtering. The product can be recrystallized from methyl ethyl ketone, but this requires large volumes of the solvent and is unnecessary. 

Carpenter et al. (1988) carried out a nested case-control study of cancer of the central nervous system among workers at two nuclear facilities located in Tennessee (United States). They identified 89 cases (72 males and 17 females) who had died between 1943 and 1979. Four controls, living at the time the case was diagnosed, were matched to each case. Job history records were scrutinized by an industrial hygienist to assess potential exposure to each of 26 chemicals or chemical groups. Toluene, xylene (see this volume) and 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) were evaluated as one chemical group the matched relative risk was 2.0 (95% confidence interval (Cl), 0.7-5.5 n = 28) in comparison with unexposed workers. Almost all cases had had low exposure, according to the classification used and there was no dose-response trend. The authors stated that the relative risks w ere adjusted for internal and external exposure to radiation. 

To obtain the amount by volume, the value found is divided by the density of acetone (o-8). The results may be referred to methyl ethyl ketone by replacing in the formula the molecular weight of acetone (58) by that of methyl ethyl ketone (72), and dividing by 0 84 (mean sp. gr. of acetone oil) to obtain the quantity by volume. 

Based on experience, the following procedure was suggested for the preparation of TFA-amyl esters of amino acids. A sample of amino acids (0.5—2 mg of each acid) was placed into a test-tube and dissolved in 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid. Amyl alcohol (2 ml) was added and dry hydrogen chloride was bubbled through the reaction mixture continuously at 108°C for 25 min. Excess of the reagent was removed under vacuum, dissolved in a small amount of methanol, transferred into a small test-tube and the methanol was evaporated by standing freely at 70°C. TFA anhydride (1 ml) was added and the stoppered test-tube was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 h. As some of the amino acids (e.g., Arg) were not acylated quantitatively by this procedure, it was recommended that the sealed test-tube be heated at 140°C for 5 min [229]. Excess of anhydride was removed under vacuum and the residue was dissolved in a known volume of dry methyl ethyl ketone. 

Standard Solutions Transfer 1 g each of ethyl acetate, isobutanol, methanol, and methyl ethyl ketone into a 100-mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, and mix. Dilute this solution quantitatively and stepwise to obtain three Standard Solutions covering the range of 0.2 to 4 mg/mL. 

For demonstration, the SEC behavior of different polymethacrylates is given in Fig. 6. On silica gel as the stationary phase and methyl ethyl ketone as the eluent, all polymethacrylates elute in the SEC mode. The calibration curves of elution volume vs. molar mass for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ferf-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA), poly( -butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA) and po-ly(decyl methacrylate) (PDMA) reflect the inability of the system to separate dif-... 

Fig. 6. SEC calibration curves of molar mass vs. elution volume for different polymethacrylates, stationary phase LiChrosphere 300+1000 A, eluent methyl ethyl ketone...

In solvent dewaxing, the oil is diluted with a solvent that has a high affinity for oil, chilled to precipitate the wax, filtered to remove the wax, stripped of solvent, and dried. The solvents (principally propane, naphtha, methyl ethyl ketone-MEK) act as diluents for the high molecular weight oil fractions to reduce the viscosity of the mixture and provide sufficient liquid volume to permit pumping and filtering. Wax produced by the solvent dewaxing process is used to make (1) paraffins for candle wax, (2) microwax for cosmetics, and (3) wax for petroleum jelly. 

---