Amyl esters

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons. Olefins from ethylene through octene have been converted into esters via acid-catalyzed nucleophilic addition. With ethylene and propjiene, only a single ester is produced using acetic acid, ethyl acetate and isopropyl acetate, respectively. With the butylenes, two products are possible j -butyl esters result from 1- and 2-butylenes, whereas tert-huty esters are obtained from isobutjiene. The C5 olefins give rise to three j iC-amyl esters and one /-amyl ester. As the carbon chain is lengthened, the reactivity of the olefin with organic acids increases. 

It contains d-u-piiiene, and Ihe amyl ester ol eudesmic aciil. 

Eudesmic acid, Ci4Hig02, is found in the form of its amyl ester in the oill of Eucalyjjtus aggregata. It is a crystalline compound melting at 160°.. It is monobasic and unsaturated, and yields a dibromide melting,at 102° to 103°. 

Synonyms Acetic acid, amyl ester Acetic acid, pentyl ester AI3-02729 rt-Amyl acetate Amyl acetate Amyl acetic ester Amyl acetic ether /r-Amyl ethanoate Banana oil Birnenoel BRN 1744753 Caswell No. 049A Chlordantoin EPA pesticide chemical code 000169 Holiday pet repellant Holiday repellant dust NSC 7923 Pear oil Pentacetate Pentacetate 28 1-Pentanol acetate 1-Pentyl acetate /3-Pentyl acetate Pentyl acetic ester /3-Pentyl ethanoate Primary amyl acetate UN 1104. 

Acetamidofluorene, see 2-Acetylaminofluorene 2-Acetaminofluorene, see 2-Acetylaminofluorene Acetanhydride, see Acetic anhydride Acetasol, see Acetic acid Acetdimethylamide, see A,A-Dimethylacetamide Acetic acid, amyl ester, see Amyl acetate Acetic acid anhydride, see Acetic anhydride Acetic acid (aqueous soln), see Acetic acid Acetic acid, 2-butoxy ester, see sec-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, butyl ester, see Butyl acetate Acetic acid, sec-butyl ester, see sec-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, ferf-butyl ester, see ferf-Butyl acetate Acetic acid dimethylamide, see A,A-Dimethylacetamide Acetic acid, 1,3-dimethylbutyl ester, see sec-Hexyl acetate Acetic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, see ferf-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, see Vinyl acetate... 

Acetic acid, amyl ester 0.8719 16 1.1 7.5 FALSE FALSE FALSE EALSE... 

Lactic acid, amyl ester 0.96 79 FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE... 

Its ethyl, ptopyl and i so amyl esters are also expl compds (Ref 1)... 

Preparation 203.—Amyl Nitrite (Amyl ester of nitrous add). 

Figure 34 shows the results for alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 1-butanol), ketone (acetone and diacetyl), terpene (pinene and linalool), aldehyde (n-nonyl aldehyde) and ester (acetic acid n-amyl ester and n-butyric acid ethyl ester) of various concentrations. Because of the linear characteristics of the CTL-based sensor, the plots are located in a similar region for a certain type of gas of various concentrations where the Henry-type adsorption isotherm holds. Thus, we can identify these gases with various concentrations by simple data-processing. 

Trifluoroacetyl amyl esters were studied by Teuwissen [225] and were described in a number of papers by Darbre and Blau [197,226—229]. The main reason for the development of these derivatives was their lower volatility and thus minimal losses during their preparation. Table 5.10 compares the volatility of N-TFA-alanine esterified with alcohols from methanol up to n-amyl alcohol [197], A known amount of each derivative was... 

Based on experience, the following procedure was suggested for the preparation of TFA-amyl esters of amino acids. A sample of amino acids (0.5—2 mg of each acid) was placed into a test-tube and dissolved in 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid. Amyl alcohol (2 ml) was added and dry hydrogen chloride was bubbled through the reaction mixture continuously at 108°C for 25 min. Excess of the reagent was removed under vacuum, dissolved in a small amount of methanol, transferred into a small test-tube and the methanol was evaporated by standing freely at 70°C. TFA anhydride (1 ml) was added and the stoppered test-tube was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 h. As some of the amino acids (e.g., Arg) were not acylated quantitatively by this procedure, it was recommended that the sealed test-tube be heated at 140°C for 5 min [229]. Excess of anhydride was removed under vacuum and the residue was dissolved in a known volume of dry methyl ethyl ketone. 

The selection of a stationary phase suitable for the GC analysis of all amino acids seemed to be the main problem hindering the wider use of these derivatives, which were always applied to a limited number of amino acids only. For the separation of TFA-amyl esters about 100 stationary phases have been tested, most of which were rejected owing to the decomposition of the acyl derivatives of hydroxyl and thiol groups that proceeds on some stationary phases with Tyr, Ser, Hypro, Thr and CysH. The application of 25% DECS led to the elution of only eight derivatives of amino acids out of thirteen that were analysed [225], The polyester PEGA and the silicones QF-1 and MS-710 [197,227, 228] were reported as the most suitable liquid stationary phases. For the analysis of... 

This is a general method for preparing alkyl phosphates. Using a similar procedure, the M-propyl ester may be obtained in 60-65 per cent yields, the sec.-butyl ester in 40-45 per cent yields, and the w-amyl ester in 60-65 per cent yields, from the corresponding alcohols. ... 

This compound is obtained as the amyl ester by adding sodium nitrite to the amyl ester of phenylmethylglycine-4-arsinic add in dilute sulphuric acid. It separates ftom acetic acid in colourless crystals, decomposing at 160° C. The nitroso-group is eliminated on heating with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the N-alkyl add being produced. 

Iso-amyl iso-valerate,)lso-valeric acid iso-amyl ester, Apple essence Ethyl butyrate. Butyric acid ethyl ester. Pineapple essence... 

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