Mechanical factors

The erosion of graphite in nozzle appHcations is a result of both chemical and mechanical factors. Changes in temperature, pressure, or fuel-oxidizing ratio markedly affect erosion rates. Graphite properties affecting its resistance to erosion include density, porosity, and pore size distribution... 

Flotation is a physical process involving relative interaction of three phases solid, water, and air. An understanding of the wettability of the solid surface, physical surface, and chemical phenomena by which the flotation reagents act and the mechanical factors that determine particle-bubble attachment and removal of particle-laden bubbles, is helpful in designing and operating flotation systems successfully. 

Deactivation in Process The active surface of a catalyst can be degraded by chemical, thermal, or mechanical factors. Poisons and... 

The powerful influence of mechanical factors on these phenomena produces distinctive physical features on affected metal surfaces, as well as determining the locations where the damage occurs. Hence, metal wastage influenced by mechanical factors can be sensitive to geometric shapes and topographical features (surface contours). It is, in this sense, location specific. 

There are some mechanical factors that sometimes hamper inspection. A flame arrester may be in a location that is not readily accessible or does not provide snfficient working space or mechanical aids. This is why, as was mentioned in Chapter 6, proper location and installation is very important. If removal of the flame arrester is reqnired for inspection, then pnrg-ing may be reqnired before removal. This may be difficnlt to do easily becanse of the flame arrester constmction or location. Also, some flame arresters may be constmcted so that removal of the arrester element for inspection is not possible (i.e., the element is welded to the honsing). Another problem is that the flame arrester is in a pipeline or directly attached to a vessel that is in constant nse. In some cases, this might even be a problem dnring a period of a tnrnaronnd. In this sitnation it may be necessary to install two flame arresters in parallel with adeqnate valving to switch from one to the other and to provide for pnrging. 

Localised attack or fracture due to the synergistic action of a mechanical factor and corrosion... 

Type of attack Environmental Cause of attack Mechanical factors Corrosion product... 

Mechanical effects Corrosion can often be initiated or intensified by the conjoint action of mechanical factors. Typical examples include the presence of inherent or applied stresses, fatigue, fretting or cavitation effects. Inhibitors that are effective in the absence of some or all of these phenomena may not be so in their presence. In fact it may not always be possible to use inhibitors successfully in these situations and other methods of corrosion prevention will be required. 

These are a few of the mechanical factors that have much more effect on the electronic design of motion control systems. The electronic engineer must understand the mechanics of motion that are encountered in order for the electronic system to be successful. To decide on electronic and software requirements, it is important factors have to be considered such as product flow and throughput, operator requirements, and maintenance issues. 

The matter of predicting flow pattern transitions is still in a developing state. In some cases the transition mechanisms are reliably understood, other mechanisms suggested are more in the nature of speculations.. .. If the ability to predict these transition conditions is to become more reliable and more generalized, it will require considerable additional research into mechanisms and into the basic fluid mechanical factors that enter into these mechanisms. 

For many applications, it is desirable that the adhesive layer accept printable elements readily in its fully cured state. This characteristic usually requires the layer to be soft in its cured form. Adhesive thin films composed of low-modulus PDMS elastomer meet this requirement well18 and can guide transfer of elements to a target quickly (without exposure to heat or light). Surprisingly, the direction of transfer can be well defined even when the composition of the adhesive is identical to that of the stamp. Successful transfer is thus determined by several factors surface chemistry, conformability (modulus), geometrical/mechanical factors (e.g., adhesive film thickness), and others. 

Mechanical Factors in Polymer-Coated Light Guides... 

Keinke 0, Schemann M, Ehrlein HJ. Mechanical factors regulating gastric emptying of viscous nutrient meals in dogs. Q J Exp Physiol 1984 69 781-795. 

It now appears that both mechanical factors and finding a suitable environment are responsible for the preferred organ location of secondary growths. The relative importance of these factors is unknown and may vary depending on the type of tumor. Proctor (P4) has suggested that the initial dissemination of neoplastic cells is controlled mostly by mechanical factors, whereas later metastasis is determined more by appropriate environment. 

Doses The initial listed doses of the reconstituted botulinum toxin type A typically create paralysis of injected muscles beginning 1 to 2 days after injection and increasing in intensity during the first week. The paralysis lasts for 2 to 6 weeks and gradually resolves over a similar time period. Overcorrections lasting over 6 months have been rare. Approximately one half of patients will require subsequent doses because of inadequate paralytic response of the muscle to the initial dose, or mechanical factors such as large deviations or restrictions, or the lack of binocular motor fusion to stabilize the alignment. 

Highly aromatic, low- API diesel fuel can also enhance black smoke production. This is due to the fact that more fuel mass is injected per volume of fuel than would be from higher-°API fuel. Also, there are a variety of mechanical factors which can influence black smoke production such as poorly functioning injectors and air intake system problems. 

The sensitiveness of nitrocellulose or nitroglycerine and similar esters to thermal or mechanical factors or to electric discharge. 

Particularly interesting seems to be the conclusion of Schreck and Ludwig [27], who hypothesized that the barometric resistance of micro-organisms is caused by a mechanical factor, but is also dependent upon the protein-structure of microbes, as there is a deep relationship between the effect of pressure and temperature on proteins and micro-organisms. In other words, pressure acts on proteins located in specific sites where they are particularly sensitive to mechanical stress. 

Fleming, M. G. 1980. Mechanical factors associated with milk lipolysis in bovine milk. Int. Dairy Fed. Doc. 118, 41-52. 

Worstorff, H. 1975. Mechanical factors in the milking plant affecting the level of free fatty acids in milk. Ind. Dairy Fed. 86, 156-161. 

Bassett, C. A. L., and Herrmann, L. Influence of oxygen concentration and mechanical factors on differentiation of connective tissue in vitro. Nature 190, 460-461 (1961). 

With elimination reactions, you were told how to find the information you need to understand elimination reactions (mechanisms, factors, etc.), and you recorded the information as you went along (in the form of charts and other drawings). 

---