Lupin seed meal

Lupin seed meal is made by grinding the whole seeds. It is a useful European-grown source of protein.There are three species of lupin, distinguished by the colour of the flowers. Those of Lupinus atbus are white, those of L. angustifolius blue and those of L. luteus yellow. Within species, there are sweet and bitter varieties. The latter contain 10 20 g/kg of toxic alkaloids such as lupinin and angustifolin and should not be given to animals even sweet varieties may contain low levels of alkaloids. For safety, the alkaloid content must be less than 0.6 g/kg. 

Moschini et al. (2005) conducted a study in which sweet white lupin seed was included in broiler diets at 50 and 100 g/kg as a replacement for soybean meal. Growth rate was improved with the lower level of lupin seed but was reduced with the higher level. 

Rubio, L.A., Brenes, A. and Centeno, C. (2003) Effects of feeding growing broiler chickens with practical diets containing sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seed meal. British Poultry Science 44, 391-397. 

Table 4.1.17A. Lupinseed meal sweet white (IFN 5-27-717). The ground whole seed of the species Lupinus albus, Lupinus angustifolius or Lupinus luteus. It has to contain less than 0.3g total alkaloids/kg. The species of seed must be listed after the name Sweet lupin seeds, ground . (From CFIA, 2007.) ...

Rubio, L.A. M.M. Pedrosa A. Perez C. Cuadrado C. Burbano M. Muzquiz. Ileal digestibility of defatted soybean, lupin and chickpea seed meals in cannulated Iberian pigs II. Fatty acids and carbohydrates./. Sci. Pood Agric. 2005, 85, 1322-1328. 

Cereal grains, cereal by-products (wheat milling by-products and gluten feed), legume and oil seeds (pea, lupin, faba bean, full fat rapeseed and full fat sunflower seed), oil seed meals (groundnut, rapeseed, linseed, sunflower, copra, sesame and soybean), dehydrated sugar beet pulp, dehydrated potato, carob and molasses. 

Moss, A.R., D.l. Givens, H.F. Grundy and K.P.A. Wheeler, 1997. The nutritive value for ruminants of lupin seeds from determinate plants and their replacement of soya bean meal in diets for young growing cattle. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 68, 11-23. 

Since classical times lupins have been used as green manure, as a fodder crop, and as a source of meal for both man and beast. No cases of poisoning appear to have been recorded before the 19th century, although it was realized that the seeds had harmful properties, and special methods were used in preparing them for food (160). From 1860 onwards, however, numerous outbreaks of poisoning occurred in northern Europe, losses in... 

Primitive varieties of lupin can contain 2% or more of total alkaloids in the dry seed, the chief individual component being lupanine (II), and consumption of such seed as a major meal component could be fatal. In practice, domestic users of lupin always... 

Content of total crude protein (CP), SN and fraction A in feed samples varied considerable (Table 1). Soluble N proportion of total N was lowest in maize grain and distillers grain, followed by pahn kernel cake, rapeseed meal and sunflower cake (20-28%), and highest in blue lupine, pea and field beans (60-73%). Soluble N was about 50% of total CP in oil seeds. Very high concentration of buffer soluble N and fraction A was found in lucerne silage as a result of intensive protein hydrolysis during ensiling. 

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