Digestibility ileal

Smiricky-Tjardes, M.R. C.M. Grieshop E.A. Flickinger L.L. Bauer G.C. Fahey, Jr. Dietary galactooligosaccharides affect ileal and total-tract nutrient digestibility, ileal and fecal bacterial concentrations, and ileal fermentative characteristics of growing pigs. /. Anim. Sci. 2003b, 81, 2535-2545. 

MARIOTTI F, MAKE S, BENAMOUZIG R, LUENGO 0, DARE S, GAUDICHON 0, TOME D (1999) Nutritional value of [15N]-soy protein isolate assessed from ileal digestibility and postprandial protein utilization in humans. /AmZ 129 1992-7. 

RAVINDRAN V, CABAHUG s, RAVINDRAN G, BRYDEN w L (1999) Inflnence of microhial ph)dase on apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of feedstuff s for hroUers. Poult Sci. 78 699-706. 

FAHEY G c Jr (2002a) Supplemental fructooligosaccharides andmannanoUgosaccharides influence immune function, ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities, microbial populations and concentrations of protein catabolites in the large bowel of dogs. J Nutr 132 980-9. 

Basal metabolism is the rate of total heat production ol an individual who is awake but in complete mental and physical repose, at comfortable temperature and without having had food for at least 12 hours. See also Basal Metabolism, Under these conditions, oxidation of stored nutrients provides the sole source of energy expended and Ileal is measurable hy calorimetry. See also Digestion. 

AM Rowan, PJ Moughan, MN Wilson. Effect of hydrolysis time on the determination of the amino acid composition of diet, ileal digesta, and feces samples and on the determination of dietary amino acid digestibility coefficients. J Agric Food Chem 40 981-985, 1992. 

Z. Zhang and E. T. Kornegay, Phytase effects on ileal amino add digestibility and nitrogen balance in finishing pigs fed a low-protein plant-based diet, J. Anim. Sci. 1999, 77,175. 

Absorption also takes place in the second section of the small intestine, known as the jejunum, and in the third section, known as the ileum. Digestion and absorption are complete by the time the ingesta have reached the terminal end of the ileum. This area is therefore of interest to researchers studying nutrient bioavailability (relative absorption of a nutrient from the diet) since a comparison of dietary and ileal concentrations of a nutrient provides information on its removal from the gut during digestion and absorption. 

Newkirk et al. (1997) conducted a nutritional evaluation of low-glucosinolate mustard meals. Samples of brassica seed (four B. juncea, one B. napus and one B. rapa) were processed to produce oil-extracted meals, which were then fed to broiler chickens. Meals derived from B. juncea contained more CP and less TDF on a dry basis than B. napus or B. campestris, 459 versus 446 and 431 g/kg CP and 272.2 versus 294.7 and 296.7g/kg TDF, respectively. ADF and NDF levels for B. juncea and B. campestris meals were similar to each other, but lower than those of B. napus, 127.9 and 132.0 versus 206g/kg ADF, and 211.5 and 195.8 versus 294.7g/kg NDF, respectively. B. juncea meals contained more glucosinolates than B. napus and B. campestris, 34.3 versus 21.8 and 25.5pmol/g total glucosinolates, respectively. B. juncea meals were equal or superior to B. napus and B. campestris meals for AME and apparent ileal protein digestibility. 

Ravindran, V., Tilman, Z.V., Morel, P.C.H., Ravindran, G. and Coles, G.D. (2007) Influence of (3-glucanase supplementation on the metabolisable energy and ileal nutrient digestibility of normal starch and waxy barleys for broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology 134,45-55. 

Woodworth, J.C., Tokach, M.D., Goodband, R.D., Nelsen, J.L., O Quinn, P.R., Knabe, D.A. and Said, N.W. (2001) Apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and the digestible and metabolizable energy content of dry extruded-expelled soybean meal and its effect on growth performance of pigs. Journal of Animal Science 79, 1280-1287. 

R. J. van Bameveld, E. S. Batterham, and B. W. Norton, The effect of heat on amino acids for growing pigs. 1. A comparison of ileal and faecal digestibilities of amino acids in raw and heat-treated field peas (Pisum sativum cultivar Dundale), Br. J. Nutr., 1994,72,221-241. 

Houdijk, J.G.M., Bosch, M.W., Tamminga, S., Verstegen, M.W.A., Berenpas, E.B., and Knoop, H., Apparent ileal and total-tract nutrient digestion by pigs as affected by dietary nondigestible oligosaccharides, J. Anim. Sci., 77, 148-158, 1999. 

Behavior of the Protein-Bound Isopeptides. The problem of protein-bound isopeptide absorption was investigated by Hurrell et al. (76) who found that these two isopeptides were not present in greater concentration than the other nitrogen compounds in the ileal and fecal contents of rats that were fed heat-treated protein containing aspartyl-and glutamyllysine. They proposed that the loss in the nutritive value of severely heated proteins was mainly due to a decrease in the nitrogen digestibility. The isopeptides appeared to be either absorbed by the intestine or metabolized by the intestinal microflora. 

Mosenthin, R., Sauer, W.C. and Ahrens, F. 1994. Dietary pectin s effect on ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility and exocrin pancreatic secretions in growing pigs, J. Nutr., 124 (8) 1222-1229. 

Giesting, D.W. and Easter, R.A. 1991. Effect of protein source and fumaric acid supplementation on apparent ileal digestability of nutrients by young pigs. Journal of Animal Science 69 2497-2503. 

Bengala-Freire, J. A. Aumaitre J. Peiniau. Effects of feeding raw and extruded peas on ileal digestibility, pancreatic enzymes and plasma glucose and insulin in early weaned pigs. /. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 1991, 65, 154—164. 

Clapper, G.M. C.M. Grieshop N.R. Merchen J.C. Russet J.L. Brent, Jr G.C. Fahey, Jr. Ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities and fecal characteristics of dogs as affected by soybean protein inclusion in dry, extruded diets./. Anim. Sci. 2001, 79, 1523-1532. 

Marsman, G.J.P. H. Gruppen A.F.B. van der Poel R.P. Kwakkel M.WA. Verstegen A.G.J. Voragen. The effect of thermal processing and enzyme treatments of soybean meal on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibilities, and chyme characteristics in broiler chicks. Poultry Sci. 1997a, 76, 864-872. 

Rubio, L.A. M.M. Pedrosa A. Perez C. Cuadrado C. Burbano M. Muzquiz. Ileal digestibility of defatted soybean, lupin and chickpea seed meals in cannulated Iberian pigs II. Fatty acids and carbohydrates./. Sci. Pood Agric. 2005, 85, 1322-1328. 

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