Lubricating grease, lithium

Lithium soaps are the most common thickeners used in the formulation of lubricating greases. Lithium soaps used for grease-making are classified into two types Simple soap and complex soap. 

Lithium hydroxide can be used for preparation of numerous lithium salts. The dominant use is the preparation of lithium stearate [4485-12-5], which is added to lubricating greases in amounts up to about 10% by weight. This salt has very low water solubiHty and extends the acceptable viscosity for the grease to both low and high temperatures (see Lubrication and lubricants). Lithium hydroxide is also used in production of dyes (62) and has been proposed as a source of lithium ion for inhibition of alkaH-aggregate expansive reactivity in concrete (63). 

Lithium compounds are used in ceramics, lubricants, and medicine. Small daily doses of lithium carbonate are an effective treatment for bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder but scientists still do not fully understand why. Lithium soaps—the lithium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids—are used as thickeners in lubricating greases for high-temperature applications because they have higher melting points than more conventional sodium and potassium soaps. 

Another important compound of lithium is lithium stearate. Lithium stearate is added to petroleum to make a thick lubricating grease. The grease is used in many industrial applications because it does not break down at high temperatures, it does not become hard when cooled, and... 

Lithium soaps, which have higher melting points than sodium and potassium soaps, are used as thickeners in lubricating greases for high-temperature applications. 

Use Storage battery electrolyte, carbon dioxide absorbent in space vehicles, lubricating greases, ceramics, catalyst, photographic developers, lithium soaps. 

New improved lubricating greases containing ash-free additives, the combination of lithium and calcium soaps to improve water resistance, the incorporation of functional polymers into the thickener matrix to improve spray-off properties and many more customer-specific solutions have been offered. In the pipeline are products containing functional soaps, nano particles (nested spheres) and lyotropic liquid crystals. In scientific terms, the trend is moving from know how to know why as more is understood about the actual mechanisms involved in grease lubrication. 

Lithium extraction takes place mainly in North and South America from rocks and brines associated with volcanic activity and aridity. Most of the world s lithium is used in the production of lightweight metal alloys, glass, lubrication greases, and electrical batteries. Only a small proportion of lithium production (less than 1% of the total) is used in medicine. 

The four digestion schemes were applied to a second lubricating grease sample with lithium soap thickener. These results are shown in Table 5. The sulfated ash digestion resulted in loss of antimony, boron, and phosphorous, while lithium and zinc remained consistent with expected values. 

TABLE 5—Additive concentration results in lithium thickener lubricating grease. 

A lithium salt used in lubricating grease has the formula LiC H2 +i02. The salt is soluble in water to the extent of 0.036 g per 100 g of water at 25 °C. The osmotic pressure of this solution is found to be 57.1 torr. Assuming that molality and molarity in such a dilute solution are the same and that the lithium salt is completely dissociated in the solution, determine an appropriate value of 11 in the formula for the salt. 

Uses Buffer mfg. of lithium stearate and other lithium soaps lubricating greases carbon dioxide absorbent (for submarines and space vehicles) esterification catalyst photographic developer stabilizer source of Li-6 isotope (used in prod, of tritium) in alkaline batteries (electrolyte additive) corrosion inhibitor in steam boilers dispersant in water-based alkyd paints leather ceramics buffer in cosmetics hair waving or straightening... 

Uses Buffer mfg. of lithium stearate and other lithium soaps lubricating greases carbon dioxide absorbent (for submarines and space vehicles) esterification catalyst photographic developer stabilizer source of Li-6 isotope (used in prod, of tritium) in alkaline batteries (electrolyse additive) corrosion inhibitor in steam boilers dispersant in water-based alkyd paints leather ceramics buffer in cosmetics hair waving or straightening Manuf./Distrib. AMC Chems. Alfa Aesar http //www.aifa.com] Am. Int l. http //www.aicma.com] BassTech Int l. Chemetall Foote Dastech Int l. FMC/Lithium http //www.fmciithium.com] Integra http //www.integrachem.com] J.T. Baker http //www.jtbaker.com] Pacific West Spectrum Quality Prods. http //www.spectrumchemicai.com] VWR Int l. http //www.vwrsp.com] Varsal Instruments http //www.varsai.com] Vopak USA http //WWW. vopakusa. com... 

Lithium hydroxystearate. See Lithium 12-hydroxystearate Lithium 12-hydroxystearate Synonyms Lithium hydroxystearate Empirical CisHssLiOs Formula LiOOC(CH2)ioCHOH(CH2)5CH3 Properties Wh. powd. m.w. 306.42 m.p. 205 C Precaution Combustible Uses Lubricating greases stabilizer for thermosets, oils, fats, lubricants Trade Name Synonyms Haro Chem LHG [Akcros bv http //www.akcros.com]] Haro Gel LHG [Akcros bv http //www.akcros.com] Lithium hypochlorite... 

A lithium salt used in lubricating grease has the formula LiC H2 + i02. The salt is soluble in water to the extent of... 

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