Lipid caffeine effects

Geen tea Camellia sinensis Reduces cancer, lowers lipid levels, helps prevent dental caries, antimicrobial and anti oxidative effects Contains caffeine (may cause mild stimulant effects such as anxiety, nervousness, heart irregularities, restlessness, insomnia, and digestive irritation) Contains caffeine and should be avoided during pregnancy, by individuals with hypertension, anxiety, eating disorders, insomnia, diabetes, and ulcers. 

Essig, D., Costill, D. L., and Van Handel, P. J., Effects of caffeine ingestion on utilization of muscle glycogen and lipid during leg ergometer cycling, International Journal of Sports Medicine, 1, 86, 1980. 

The increasing scientific attention devoted to caffeine in recent years9 reflects not only its popularity and widespread use, but also concern that it may have detrimental physiological effects and interest in its impact on psychological functioning and behavior. Health concerns have focused primarily on cardiovascular function.4-10 Early studies suggested that caffeine consumption may increase the risk of some cardiovascular problems.11-12 However, more recent studies provide little support for this concern, with the possible exception of blood pressure.13 Lipid profiles appear to be unaffected by habitual caffeine consumption.1417 Moreover,... 

The failure to find an effect in the American trial above was confirmed in a study conducted in the Netherlands, which also used paper-filtered, drip-brewed coffee.14 In that 12-week experiment, 23 women and 22 men who habitually drank 4 to 6 cups of coffee per day were assigned to consume 5 cups/day of either caffeinated (417.5 mg caffeine/day) or decaffeinated coffee (15.5 mg caffeine/day) for six weeks, and then switch for another six weeks. The blend of coffee beans was 71% Arabica and 29% Robusta for the caffeinated coffee, and 58% Arabica and 42% Robusta for the decaffeinated coffee. Lipid values at the end of both six-week study periods were almost identical. Total cholesterol was 5.47 vs. 5.48 mmol/ L (212 vs. 212 mg/dL), LDL-C was 3.41 vs. 3.40 mmol/L (132 vs. 131 mg/ dL), HDL-C was 1.52 vs. 1.52 mmol/L (59 vs. 59 mg/dL), and TG were 1.17 vs. 1.20 mmol/L (104 vs. 106 mg/dL) for the caffeinated vs decaffeinated coffee periods, respectively. Further, a small study of 12 Finnish men also failed to find an effect of caffeinated coffee on serum cholesterol levels.15 However, the study period was only three weeks which may have been insufficient. 

GC-MS methods provide greater specificity and in many cases sensitivity when compared with more conventional techniques. They offer increased scope for the study of pharmacokinetics and of plasma concentration in relation to biological effect. SIM assay has been applied to the investigation of placental transfer of lipid soluble drugs and their subsequent elimination in the newborn (barbiturates, diphenylhydantoin, caffeine, pethidine and diazepam [122,408] diphenylhydantoin [411] amylobarbitone and 3 -hydroxyamylobarbitone [83,423]). 

Colker CM, Kalman DS, Torina GC, Perlis T, Street C. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John s wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999 60 145-153. 

Caffeine has a marked effect on lipid metaboflsm. Ingestion of two cups of coffee may increase the plasma free fatty acid concentration by as much as 30% and glycerol, total... 

Correlations between coffee drinking and elevated serum lipid concentrations were found in men with coronary heart disease but not in healthy controls. Caffeine has been shown to elevate free fatty acids in the human and in the dog. This elevation is suppressed by the administration of sucrose. The authors feel that caffeine elevates FFA by a mechanism different from adrenaline or nicotine and may be a direct effect on fat pads and via an Influerice on the adrenal cortex. 

K. E., Jensen, J., and Shepherd, P. R. (2002) Direct effects of caffeine and theophyUine on p 11 OS and other phosphoinositide 3 -kinases. Differential effects on lipid kinase and protein kinase activities./. Biol. Chem. 277, 37124-37130. 

The authors report that the pharmacokinetics and dynamics are not well understood at present due to lack of data. Synthetic carmabinoids are lipid soluble, nonpolar and contain 20-26 carbons. The authors lament the fact that detecting these synthetics is not easy as there are too many of them out there and most laboratories are not equipped to test for fhem. Furfhermore, in fheir pafienf, he had used a diet pill along with K9 preventing them from affirming an association of the clinical presentation to the use of K9. However, the authors do not believe that these symptoms were secondary to caffeine. The K9 their patient had used had various herbs such as Canavaliu rosea, Clematis vitalba, Nelumbo nucifera and Ledum palustre. It is unclear if these herbs contributed to the side effects too. 

When isolated fat cells were incubated with glucose-U-CH insiolin produced the expected increase in incorporation of label into COz and lipid. Epinephrine stimulated incorporation of label in the absence of insulin but had little effect in the presence of insulin. Theophylline (or caffeine) inhibited incorporation of label into CQj and lipid both in the presence and absence of insulin. When epinephrine and theophylline were added to cells incubated with insulin, the inhibition of glucose incorporation was much greater than that seen with theophylline alone (Table 4). 

The drug percolation threshold or including the drug content and the initial pores for these matrices, ranged between 30-36% (w/w). With respect to the excipient percolation threshold, p, differences were found between EC (critical point aroimd 30% w/w) and HCO matrices (6% w/w). The very low percolation threshold of the lipidic matrix-forming excipient was attributed to the different particle sizes of matrixforming excipient and active substance, being the HCO particle size much smaller than the caffeine particle size. The effect of the particle size of a substance in its percolation threshold will be discussed later. 

---