Licence fees

If the process used has not been developed exclusively by the operating company, royalties and licence fees may be payable. These may be paid as a lump sum, included in the fixed capital, or as an annual fee or payments based on the amount of product sold. 

An equitable international drug price structure could also be attained by setting differential licence fees and allowing generic competition to work within each price segment of the international market. 

Some of the materials and techniques used in molecular biology may attract royalties if used for commercial purposes. Vectors, host strains and off-the-shelf DNA manipulation methods are usually readily available for modest licence fees for research purposes, but additional licences would need to be sought (and fees paid) if these systems were used in a commercial process. Where commercial exploitation is planned, the researchers should be prepared to switch to royalty-free genetic systems and avoid the use of costly and potentially toxic materials, such as artificial inducers or substrates, as gene expression regulators. 

Ordinance is the legal basis for the work of the private company DSD (Duales System Deutschland). It searches and contracts companies involved in recycling plastics, pays them and collects a licence fee from every producer of goods. This is dependent on the weight of the total packaging material and the number of pieces produced. The producer of the original packaging material also has to pay a licence fee. 

The Agency comprises almost 600 persons of which two thirds eire medics, pharmacists, scientists and technicians. Seventy five percent of the Agency s financing comes from taxes and licence fees raised from the industry. The Agency comprises administration, 11 consultative commissions representing over 300 members and a network of experts in addition to decision-making bodies. 

The debate within the patteramaking profession on the merits of manual versus CAD pattemmaking is greatly influenced by the patternmaker s preferred professional practice and access to technology. The capacity for a patternmaker to have affordable access to CAD software packages is a necessary CAD pattern skill enabler. Proprietorial apparel CAD programs that require specific hardware and software licence fees... 

Licence fees and permissions to be obtained from various statutory agencies for installing and commissioning equipment if operating at higher pressures than before or if old pressure vessels are replaced completely Agreements with labour unions if they have some apprehensions about the new... 

Costs given for each section are fully constructed costs but exclude project engineering and supervision, which is estimated separately as 15 per cent of the project cost. An allowance for licence fees for propriety equipment and processes has been included at two per cent of the project cost. 

Taylor Francis Ltd, and the author, shall not be liable for any damages, including loss of data, lost profits, cost of cover or other special, incidental, consequential or indirect damages arising from use of the software, under any theory of liability and irrespective of however caused. This limitation will apply even if the Publishers have been advised of the possibility of such damage. Yiu acknowledge that the licence fee reflects this allocation of risk. 

The licence situation also has to be clarified. In case of existing licences for the desired manufacturing method, the respective licence fees have to be taken into account in the preliminary costing. 

Development in GIT, has been restricted to some extent by the number of patents that exist relating to this process. If a process that is protected by a patent is employed, expensive licence fees must sometimes be paid. This section is written without regard for the patent situation, which must be clarified if considering adoption of this technology. 

---