Leguminous

Since about 1968, triple superphosphate has been far outdistanced by diammonium phosphate as the principal phosphate fertilizer, both in the United States and worldwide. However, production of triple superphosphate is expected to persist at a moderate level for two reasons (/) at the location of a phosphoric acid—diammonium phosphate complex, production of triple superphosphate is a convenient way of using sludge acid that is too impure for diammonium phosphate production and (2) the absence of nitrogen in triple superphosphate makes it the preferred source of phosphoms for the no-nitrogen bulk-blend fertilizers that frequendy are prescribed for leguminous crops such as soy beans, alfalfa, and clover. 

Locust Bean Gum. Locust bean gum [9000-40-2] is produced by milling the seeds from the leguminous evergreen plant, Ceratonia siliqua or carob tree, which is widely grown in the Mediterranean area. Pods produced by the carob tree consist of a husk, embryo, and endosperm. The latter, the source of the gum, is separated from the tough outer husk and the yeUow embryo tissue by a variety of rolling and milling operations, and subsequently is milled into a fine powder (60). 

Soil Nutrient. Molybdenum has been widely used to increase crop productivity in many soils woddwide (see Fertilizers). It is the heaviest element needed for plant productivity and stimulates both nitrogen fixation and nitrate reduction (51,52). The effects are particularly significant in leguminous crops, where symbiotic bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation provide the principal nitrogen input to the plant. Molybdenum deficiency is usually more prominent in acidic soils, where Mo(VI) is less soluble and more easily reduced to insoluble, and hence unavailable, forms. Above pH 7, the soluble anionic, and hence available, molybdate ion is the principal species. 

Logwood extract—A reddish brown-to-black soHd material extracted from the heartwood of the leguminous tree Haemato>y/on campechianum. The active colorant substance is principally hematein. The latent coloring material is the unoxidized or leuco form of hematein called hematoxylin. The leuco form is oxidized by air. 

It has become customary to call the principal members of this group the lupin alkaloids, but in view of their wide distribution in the Papilionaceae, a better title is that suggested above, since they appear to be the characteristic alkaloids of this leguminous sub-family. This is not the only type of alkaloid found in the Leguminosae other types occur, e.g., in Acacia (p. 631), Crotalaria (p. 601), Erythrina (p. 386), Mimosa (p. 4) and Pentaclethra (p. 776). 

Nitrogen fixation takes place in a wide variety of bacteria, the best known of which is rhizobium which is found in nodules on the roots of leguminous plants such as peas, beans, soya and clover. The essential constituents of this and all other nitrogen-fixing bacteria are ... 

Hlilse,/. hull, husk, pod, shell case cartridge case (MocA.) socket, collar, sleeve, etc. vial capsule spool, bobbin, hulsenartig, a. like a hull, socket, etc. (see HUlse) leguminous. 

Schoten-dom, m. acacia black locust, -ge-wachse, n.pl. leguminous plants, -pfeffer, m. red pepper, capsicum, -pflanze,/. leguminous plant. 

As world supplies of petroleum are depleted, and as the Earth s population steadily increases, society will be forced to develop more efficient ways to make fertilizer. Genetic engineering offers a promising solution. There is a remarkable bacterium that lives in the roots of leguminous plants such as soybeans, peas, and peanuts. This organism can convert molecular nitrogen into ammonia. The plant and the bacterium have a... 

Sophora, a leguminous genus of perhaps 45 species (Mabberley, 1997, p. 671), offers a number of very interesting distributional problems. Members of sect. Edwardsia... 

ROUANET J M, BESANCON p, LAFONT J (1983) Effect of lectius from leguminous seeds on rat duodenal enterokinase activity. Experientia. 39 1356-8. 

Y. Ohwaki and H. Hirata, Differences in carboxylic acid exudation among P-starved leguminous crops in relation to carboxylic acid contents in plant tissues and phospholipid levels in roots. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 38 2 i5 (1992). 

A. L. Virtanen, S. Von Hausen, and T. Laine, Investigations on the root nodule bacteria of leguminous plants XIX. Influence of various factors on the excretion of nitrogenous compounds from nodules. Journal of Agricultural Science 27 332 (1937). 

P. W. Wilson and O. Wyss, Mixed cropping and the excretion of nitrogen by leguminous plants. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 11 289 (1937). 

C. Elmerich, Molecular biology and ecology of diazotrophs associated with non-leguminous plants, Bio/Technology 2 967 (1984). 

K. Haukka, K. Lindstrom, and P. J. Young, Three phylogenetic groups of nodA and nifH genes in Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium isolates from leguminous trees... 

Soybean leaf extracts have not previously been reported to be phytotoxic however many other leguminous species have been shown to be active (1,17). The possible allelopathic activity of soybean indicated by these bloassays is potentially economically important, since soybean is a major crop world wide. 

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