Carob tree

Locust Bean Gum. Locust bean gum [9000-40-2] is produced by milling the seeds from the leguminous evergreen plant, Ceratonia siliqua or carob tree, which is widely grown in the Mediterranean area. Pods produced by the carob tree consist of a husk, embryo, and endosperm. The latter, the source of the gum, is separated from the tough outer husk and the yeUow embryo tissue by a variety of rolling and milling operations, and subsequently is milled into a fine powder (60). 

Commercial locust bean gum is the ground endosperm of the seeds of the locust bean (carob) tree. The general properties of locust bean gum are similar to those of guar gum. Differences are its low cold-water solubiUty and its synergistic gelation with kappa-carrageenan, furceUaran, and xanthan... 

Locust bean gum is extracted from the endosperm of the seeds of the carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua, which grows in Mediterranean countries. 

This material is another plant polysaccharide. The source is the seeds of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua), also known as the locust bean tree. The trees grow around the Mediterranean and in California. An alternative name for the fruit is Saint John s Bread . An impure material called carob pod flour can be produced by just removing the hulls and milling the endosperms directly. An impure product like this will give a... 

Ceratonia siliqua Carob tree gum. Eastern Africa, Mid- This is not an exu-... 

Locust bean gum can be extracted from the European carob tree. As the extract, with impurities removed, it gives clear solutions. It shows significant synergy with carrageenan and xanthan, usually at about 50/50 levels, and this synergy tends to eliminate the syneresis often seen with carrageenan. Being insoluble in cold water, heat is required to obtain solutions. 

Distillates or volatiles from natural food media have also been shown to attract insects such as R. dominica (Dowdy et al., 1993) and O. surinamensis (Pierce et al., 1990) but not P. truncatus (Fadamiro et al., 1998). Hexanoic acid in the volatiles of the pods of the carob tree has been reported to be the primary attractant for S. oryzae, S. zeamais, S. granarius, A. advena, and C. ferrugineus (Obeng-Ofori, 1993 Wakefield, 1999 Yamamoto et al., 1976). 

The quality of gem diamonds is judged by the 4 C-method, comprising color, clarity (purity size and kind of inclusions), cut (the quality of it), and carat (weight). 1 carat equals 0.2 g. The measure originates from antiquity-it is defined to be the mass of a seed from the carob tree. These tend to weigh exactly 0.2 g with surprising reproducibihty. 

In the years 1992-1997 we observed a rather uniform level of Pb in in situ thalli of R. lacera in the unpolluted HaZorea Forest, north-east Israel (Table 4). The same phenomenon related to resuspended thalli situated initially on carob trees and detached with their substrate. 

Figure 1. Ramalina lacera growing on twigs of carob trees (Ceratonia siliqua) in HaZorea, NE Israel.

The principal commercial source of galactomannans, at present, is locust bean seed. Carob trees (Ceratonia siliqua) are cultivated widely in southern Europe, on Mediterranean islands, and in northern Africa. 

C6H,20 , Mr 180.16, sweet tasting powder. M. exists in the a-pyranose mp. 133°C, [a]D +30- +15° (H2O) and the )5-pyranose forms mp. 132°C, (a]D° -16- +15° (H2O)), it reduces Fehling s solution. M. is fermented by baker s yeast. M. belongs to the hex-oses and is the 2-epimer of o- glucose. M. only occasionally occurs in the fiee form (e.g., in orange peel), but frequently in the glycosidically bound form and is widely distributed in complex carbohydrates, the so-called mannans (e. g., in the ivory nut, carob tree, lu-cern seeds, guar flour, orchid tubers, and sea kelp). M. is toxic to bees. ... 

Consists of a high-MW polysaccharide with a main chain of 1,4-linked D-mannose units and side chains of D-galactose. Obt. from seeds of the carob tree Ceratonia siliqua. Stabiliser and thickener in food manuf. 

Carob is a chocolate substitute made from the seed pods of the Mediterranean Carob tree. 

Locust gum, also called locust bean gum, carob, carobin or algar-roba, is obtained as flour from the endosperm of seeds of the carob tree also known as St John s bread Ceratonia siliqua, Cae-sapliniaceae). The tree comes from the Western Mediterranean region (Southern Europe, Northern Africa), but now grows mainly in Spain and in the subtropical regions of the United States and Australia. 

The endosperms of the seeds of Leguminosae species are frequently rich in galactomannoglycans, mucilaginous branched-chain polysaccharides which function as food reserves. The galactomannoglycans of guar [Cyamopsis telragonolobus) seeds and carob tree (Ceraionia siliqua) seeds are extracted commercially for use as textile sizes, in paper manufacture, and as food thickeners. 

G. Johannisbrotkemmehl F gomme de caroube L. is produced by milling the seed of Cemtonia si-liqua or - carob tree [locust (bean) tree]. L. is contained in the endosperm and milled to a fine powder. 

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