Leguminous plant

Nitrogen fixation takes place in a wide variety of bacteria, the best known of which is rhizobium which is found in nodules on the roots of leguminous plants such as peas, beans, soya and clover. The essential constituents of this and all other nitrogen-fixing bacteria are ... 

Schoten-dom, m. acacia black locust, -ge-wachse, n.pl. leguminous plants, -pfeffer, m. red pepper, capsicum, -pflanze,/. leguminous plant. 

As world supplies of petroleum are depleted, and as the Earth s population steadily increases, society will be forced to develop more efficient ways to make fertilizer. Genetic engineering offers a promising solution. There is a remarkable bacterium that lives in the roots of leguminous plants such as soybeans, peas, and peanuts. This organism can convert molecular nitrogen into ammonia. The plant and the bacterium have a... 

A. L. Virtanen, S. Von Hausen, and T. Laine, Investigations on the root nodule bacteria of leguminous plants XIX. Influence of various factors on the excretion of nitrogenous compounds from nodules. Journal of Agricultural Science 27 332 (1937). 

P. W. Wilson and O. Wyss, Mixed cropping and the excretion of nitrogen by leguminous plants. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 11 289 (1937). 

C. Elmerich, Molecular biology and ecology of diazotrophs associated with non-leguminous plants, Bio/Technology 2 967 (1984). 

SUMNER, L., PATVA, N.L., DIXON, R.A., GENO, P.W., High-performance liquid chromatography/continuous-flow liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry of flavonoid glucosides in leguminous plant extracts, J. Mass Spectrom., 1996,31,472-485. 

The rhizobia are relatively easy to grow, and have been used as inocula for leguminous plants for well over a century. In contrast, the actinomycetes associated with non-leguminous plants resisted consistent culture until Callaham et al. [33] succeeded in culturing them. Since then, research on the actinorhizal systems has expanded rapidly, and non-leguminous N2 fixers have been adopted widely as practical systems for cultivation. [34]... 

N as a tracer, ammonia 106 exchange reaction 105 glutamic add 106 GOGAT system 106 radioactive tracer 106 N2 and HD formation 109 N2 fixation in non-leguminous plants, actinomycetes 110 actinorhizal systems 110 NAD 74 nanocrystal 263 nanocrystalline materials 171... 

In wetlands N2 fixation can occur in the water colnmn, in the aerobic water-soil interface, in the anaerobic soil bulk, in the rhizosphere, and on the leaves and stems of plants. Phototrophic bacteria in the water and at the water-soil interface are generally more important than non-photosynthetic, heterotrophic bacteria in the soil and on plant roots (Buresh et al, 1980 Roger 1996). The phototrophs comprise bacteria that are epiphytic on plants and cyanobacteria that are both free-living and epiphytic. A particularly favourable site for cyanobacteria is below the leaf surface of the water fern Azolla, which forms a very efficient symbiosis with the cyanobacterinm Anabaena azollae. This symbiosis and those in various leguminous plants have been exploited in traditional rice prodnction systems to sustain yields of 2 to 4 t ha of grain withont fertilizer for hnndreds of years. 

Eserine (physostigmine) has a pyrroloindole skeleton. This alkaloid is used as an anticholinesterase drug, which is fairly important in the treatment of Alzheimer s disease. Eserine is synthesized in Physostigma venenosum and stored in the seeds of this leguminous plant. The synthesis pathway starts with tryptamine, which is transformed into eserine (Eigure 45). 

Watanabe, K., Kinjo, J., and Nohara, T., Leguminous plants. XXXIX. Three new isoflavonoid glycosides from Lupinus luteus and L. polyphyllus arboreus. Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 41, 394, 1993. 

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