Australia, legislation

Industrial safety — Australia. 2, Industrial safety — Law and legislation — Australia. 3. Industrial hygiene — Australia. 4. Industrial hygiene — Law and legislation — Australia. I. Title. 

During these two decades, almost every country in Europe, as well as Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, experienced serious air pollution in its larger cities. As a result, these countries were the first to enact national air pollution control legislation. By 1980, major national air pollution research centers had been set up at the Warren Springs Laboratory, Stevenage, England the Institut National de la Sante et de las Recherche Medicale at... 

The consumer movement, particularly the Consumers Health Fomm, also has considerable political influence. As a result of political pressure exerted by HIV/AIDS pressure groups and industry, the DRA was reviewed, new legislation introduced and new committees established to ensure that the regulatory authority responded more efficiently to public and political needs. Professional associations, especially the Pharmacy Guild of Australia, have traditionally played an active role in decisions related to pharmaceutical regulation. The Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Council was established by the Australian Government to advise the Commonwealth Minister for Health on pharmaceutical policy. 

Countries that developed their dmg regulation more recently generally began with one or more relatively comprehensive pieces of legislation, which covered a larger number of fiinctions relating to control of the pharmaceutical sector than legislation developed earlier. The dmg laws of Australia, Malaysia and Zimbabwe are examples of such development. 

This study has found that dmg regulation does not meet these requirements in all the countries studied. In some countries, legislation omits or exempts certain areas of pharmaceutical activity from the scope of control. In Australia, Malaysia and the Netherlands, legislation requires traditional/herbal medicines to be assessed and registered. But this is not the case in Cypms, Uganda or Zimbabwe. As a result of such gaps, dmg regulation provides only partial protection for consumers. 

In Australia each State and Territory used to have their own food legislation.8 However, in 1987 the National Health and Medical Research Council produced the Food Standards Code to bring harmonisation of food legislation throughout the country. The Imported Food Control Act requires that all imported foods comply with the Food Standards Code. In August 1991, the new National Food Authority (NFA) was established. NFA is now responsible for setting all food standards in Australia. 

Some regulatory authorities have foreseen the future impact of TM and set up appropriate guidelines. The European Union has legislation for traditional herbal products. Another example is the Therapeutic Goods Administration of Australia, which has set up a complementary medicine section that controls the regulatory practices for TM. 

Furthermore, Commonwealth legislation was reviewed to give the Commonwealth powers to require companies to submit specified data to establish the quality, safety and efficacy of imported therapeutic goods. The resultant Therapeutic Goods Act 1966 provided the basis for the regulation of pharmaceuticals in Australia for over 20 years. 

A Code of GMP was introduced in the late 1960s, covering principles and practices to be followed in the manufacture of therapeutic goods in Australia, but still relied upon State legislation and personnel for its enforcement. 

In Australia there have been discussions as to how to make evidential breathalyzer measurements traceable to national or international standards. The amount of ethanol in a motorist is required by law to be less than a prescribed concentration, for many countries between 0.0 and 0.08 g per 100 mL blood. Recently there has been a move to change legislation to a limit of a given mass per 210 L of breath to avoid arguments about the blood/breath partition coefficient. As with any forensic measurement, metrological trace-ability is a key component of a successful prosecution. At present police buy standard solutions of ethanol in water from certifying authorities, with... 

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