Polymerization lauryl methacrylate

Group-Transfer Polymerization. Living polymerization of acrylic monomers has been carried out using ketene silyl acetals as initiators. This chemistry can be used to make random, block, or graft copolymers of polar monomers. The following scheme demonstrates the synthesis of a methyl methacrylate—lauryl methacrylate (MMA—LMA) AB block copolymer (38). LMA is CH2=C(CH2)COO(CH2) CH2. 

The work function of the rubbing surfaces and the electron affinity of additives are interconnected on the molecular level. This mechanism has been discussed in terms of tribopolymerization models as a general approach to boundary lubrication (Kajdas 1994, 2001). To evaluate the validity of the anion-radical mechanism, two metal systems were investigated, a hard steel ball on a softer steel plate and a hard ball on an aluminum plate. Both metal plates emit electrons under friction, but aluminum produced more exoelectrons than steel. With aluminum, the addition of 1% styrene to the hexadecane lubricating fluid reduced the wear volume of the plate by over 65%. This effect considerably predominates that of steel on steel. Friction initiates polymerization of styrene, and this polymer formation was proven. It was also found that lauryl methacrylate, diallyl phthalate, and vinyl acetate reduced wear in an aluminum pin-on-disc test by 60-80% (Kajdas 1994). 

In another system, miscible blends of PE and lauryl methacrylates (LMA) were in situ polymerized/crosslinked to yield submicrometer rubber particle sizes ranging from 70 to 400 nm [55]. Divinyl benzene (DVB) was used as a crosslinking system for LMA (rubber precursor). Typical TPV morphologies consisting of a crosslinked PLMA rubber dispersion (gel content >90%) in a PE matrix and, consequently, typical TPV solid-state properties are obtained. 

The simplest procedure for grafting copolymerization, in terms of number of components in the reaction medium, is a bulk polymerization of the monomer in mixture with the molten polyamide. This has been claimed in an earlier patent (2), related to improvements in dyeability and hydrophylic properties of the resulting yam, obtained by melt spinning of the product of reaction with monomers such as 2,5-dichloro styrene, lauryl methacrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and N-vinyl carbazole. 

Ailhaud et al.216 have synthetized by anionic polymerization in THF solution with diphenylmethylsodium or diphenylmethylpotassium as initiators the following block copolymers poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(hexyl methacrylate) (MMA-HMA), poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(lauryl methacrylate) (MMA-LMA), poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(octadecyl methacrylate) (MMA-OMA), poly(hexyl-methacrylate)-poly(lauryl methacrylate) (HMA-LMA). 

As a model monomer for radical homopolymerization of hydrophobic monomers, styrene is described in many papers. The polymerization of acrylates and methacrylates is also well known. It could also be shown that the miniemulsion process also easily allows the polymerization of the ultrahydrophobic monomer lauryl methacrylate without any carrier materials as necessary in emulsion polymerization [71]. 

Consistently, Anderson and coworkers showed that the polymerization of MMA in THF at —78 °C is living when initiated by DPHLi (10), which is nothing but the model of the diphenylalkyl anion (9) of the PS macroinitiator used in the synthesis of PS-fcZock-PMMA (equation 21). It must be noted that DPHLi (10) results from the direct addition of DPE (8) to n-Buli (equation 22)". The molecular weight of PMMA is predetermined by the monomer-to-initiator molar ratio and the MMA conversion. The polydispersity index is low (1.04 < Mw/Mn < 1.16). The livingness of this polymerization was confirmed by the successful resumption of the polymerization of lauryl methacrylate (LMA), and formation of the parent PMMA-fc/ock-PLMA diblocks. The anionic polymerization of MMA in THF at —78°C is thus living , provided that sterically hindered initiators are used. 

LAURYL METHACRYLATE (142-90-5) Combustible liquid (flash point >230°F/ >110°C). Unless inhibited (90-120 ppm hydroquinone recommended), able to form unstable peroxides. Strong oxidizers or reducing agents may cause polymerization, fire, or explosions. 

Some time after the LMA in a particular micelle is polymerized, the poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) radical can break through the micellar head-group region and begin adding the hydrophilic monomer to the PLMA... 

Schematic representation of CdSe QDs dispersion in poly(hexyl methacrylate) after in situ polymerization. Monomers hexyl methacrylate (R = CeHij), lauryl methacrylate (R = CijHjs), stearyl methacrylate (R = CuHsy), and behenyl methacrylate (R = C22H45). 

Cetearyl methacrylate Isotridecyl methacrylate monomer, polymeric HALS 4-[3-(Diethoxymethylsilylpropoxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl] piperidine monomer, polymerizable adhesives Lauryl methacrylate monomer, polymerizable caulks Lauryl methacrylate monomer, polymerizable floor waxes Lauryl methacrylate... 

Lauryl methacrylate monomer, polymerizable varnishes Lauryl methacrylate monomer, polymerization Dioctyl fumarate... 

Solution polymerization (in ketones, aromatic solvents, esters) is used for lacquer resins, which are physically air drying (copolymers with, e.g., lauryl methacrylate) or stoving (with glycidyl methacrylate or glycol dimethacrylate) lacquers. Water-soluble resins from copolymers of methyl methacrylate with a little methacrylic acid are made in this way, being later neutralized with ammonia. The viscosity improvers (see below) are also synthesized in solution (mineral oil). Suspension-polymtnztA polymer is used for injection-molded, extruded, and dental materials (palate or dental plates, teeth fillings). 

Triblock copolymers can be synthesized by either the difiinc-tional initiator or the sequential monomer addition routes under ambient conditions such as room temperature polymerization conditions. Poly(benzyl methacrylate)-27-poly(lauryl methacrylate)- 7-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA-PLMA-PBzMA) was synthesized using l,5-bis(trimethylsi-loxy)-1,5-dimethoxy-2,4-dimethyl- 1,4-pentadiene (BDDB)... 

Tacticity measurements can be correlated with reaction mechanisms and physical properties. For example, the incorporation of an electron donor into the polymerization catalyst formulation has been found to increase isotacticity in a propylene-1-butene copolymer [123], and the distribution of propylene and 1-butene contents as a function of molecular weight varied, depending on donor type. External donors, such as dimethox-ysilane, decrease the butene content more than internal electron donors (in this case, di-n-butyl phthalate). Mechanisms of new polymerization reactions, such as the group-transfer copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate, can be elucidated by comparing NMR-derived structural details [124]. The presence of unanticipated peaks in the spectrum of poly(ethylene-co-norbomene) suggest the occurrence of epimerization... 

Bulk thermal polymerization yielded polymer which was only partially soluble and softened at 210 C. Concentrated solution polymerization produced polymer with T of 190 (DSC) which was soluble in chloroform and less brittle Since it was impossible to machine homopolymer samples, we decided to copolymerize the lead-containing monomer with isopropylstyrene, acrylonitrile, lauryl methacrylate and octadecyl methacrylate. Acrylonitrile was chosen because it generally produces copolymers with styrene with impact strength superior to polystyrene. The other monomers were selected because they have bulky side chains which would act as internal plasticizers. The methacrylate monomers contain oxygen, which was avoided in the selection of the high-Z-containing monomers, so the quantities added were kept to a minimum. 

In general, bulk polymerization processes have been used to study the copolymerization of A -vinylpyrrolidone with a variety of monomers such as vinyl laurate [31], styrene [32], methyl methacrylate [32], vinyl acetate [32, 33], vinyl chloride [32], crotonaldehyde [34], crotonic acid [35], A -vinylsuccinimide [36], butyl methacrylate [37], N-vinylphthalimide [38], acrylic acid [39], various alkyl acrylates and methacrylates including lauryl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate [40], and ethylene [41]. Table V lists reactivity ratios of several copolymer systems. 

Similarly, trials of polymerization of lauryl methacrylate from the surface were also reported [7,8]. For this purpose, two initiators were synthesized, one being monocationic and the other being dicationic. Figures 2.9 and 2.10... 

The potassium, ammonium, or amine salts of interpolymers prepared from monomers such as lauryl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and maleic acid are of particular utility in the disposable nonwoven industry where there is need for polymers that will absorb and retain water and ionic physiological fluids. " In general, the polymeric coatings give a durable, antistatic, antisoil-able finish to a variety of filamentry materials. 

Chern et al. [33-39] used stearyl methacrylate or lauryl methacrylate as the reactive costabilizer to stabilize styrene miniemulsion polymerizations. Just like conventional costabilizers (e.g., hexadecane), long-chain alkyl methacrylates act as costabilizers in stabilizing the homogenized submicron monomer droplets. Furthermore, the methacrylate group (—C=C(CH3)COO—) of the polymerizable costabilizer can be chemically incorporated into latex particles in the subsequent free radical polymerization and thereby reduce the level of volatile organic compounds (VOC). As the polymerization proceeds, the reactive costabilizer concentration in the nucleated monomer droplets will decrease. The initial decrease of the costabilizer concentration should not cause any diffusional degradation because the hydrophobic polymer formed inside the nucleated monomer droplets can help stabilize the polymerizing miniemulsion. 

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