Kinetics of polymer

Hidalgo-Alvarez R, Martin A, Fernandez A, Bastes D, Martinez F and de las Nieves F J 1996 Electro kinetic properties, colloidal stability and aggregation kinetics of polymer colloids Adv. Colloid Interface Sc/. 67 1-118... 

The use of light olefins, diolefins, and aromatic-based monomers for producing commercial polymers is dealt with in the last two chapters. Chapter 11 reviews the chemistry involved in the synthesis of polymers, their classification, and their general properties. This book does not discuss the kinetics of polymer reactions. More specialized polymer chemistry texts may be consulted for this purpose. 

There have been many studies on the thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of PMMA.23 24 It is well established that the polymer formed by radical polymerization can be substantially less stable than predicted by consideration of the idealized structure and that the kinetics of polymer degradation are dependent on the conditions used for its preparation. There is still some controversy surrounding the details of thermal degradation mechanisms and, in particular, the initiation of degradation.31... 

Prud homme, R.K. Uhl, J.T. "Kinetics of Polymer/Metal-Ion Gelation", SPE/DOE paper 12640, 1984 SPE/DOE Fourth Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tulsa, April 15-18. 

Isothermal Kinetics of Polymers Oxidation and Its Relation to the Concentration of Oxygen in Surrounding Atmosphere 487... 

ISOTHERMAL KINETICS OF POLYMERS OXIDATION AND ITS RELATION TO THE CONCENTRATION OF OXYGEN IN SURROUNDING ATMOSPHERE... 

In what follows, we use simple mean-field theories to predict polymer phase diagrams and then use numerical simulations to study the kinetics of polymer crystallization behaviors and the morphologies of the resulting polymer crystals. More specifically, in the molecular driving forces for the crystallization of statistical copolymers, the distinction of comonomer sequences from monomer sequences can be represented by the absence (presence) of parallel attractions. We also devote considerable attention to the study of the free-energy landscape of single-chain homopolymer crystallites. For readers interested in the computational techniques that we used, we provide a detailed description in the Appendix. ... 

Like the oxidation of hydrocarbons, the autocatalytic oxidation of polymers is induced by radicals produced by the decomposition of the hydroperoxyl groups. The rate constants of POOH decomposition can be determined from the induction period of polymer-inhibited oxidation, as well as from the kinetics of polymer autoxidation and oxygen uptake. The initial period of polymer oxidation obeys the parabolic equation [12]... 

Kinetics of Polymer Etching in an Oxygen Glow Discharge... 

The overall isothermal crystallization kinetics of polymers can be described by the Avrami equation [88-90] ... 

The kinetics of polymer/polymer demixing are many orders of magnitude slower than those for polymer/solvent demixing. In a typical instrument used to study blend demixing a polymer film supported on a thin glass cover slip is placed in a ther-mostatted pressure cell (Fig. 7.18c). The sample is annealed for some hours well... 

Further information on this subject can be obtained by frequency response analysis and this technique has proved to be very valuable for studying the kinetics of polymer electrodes. Initially, it has been shown that the overall impedance response of polymer electrodes generally resembles that of intercalation electrodes, such as TiS2 and WO3 (Ho, Raistrick and Huggins, 1980 Naoi, Ueyama, Osaka and Smyrl, 1990). On the other hand this was to be expected since polymer and intercalation electrodes both undergo somewhat similar electrochemical redox reactions, which include the diffusion of ions in the bulk of the host structures. One aspect of this conclusion is that the impedance response of polymer electrodes may be interpreted on the basis of electrical circuits which are representative of the intercalation electrodes, such as the Randles circuit illustrated in Fig. 9.13. The figure also illustrates the idealised response of this circuit in the complex impedance jZ"-Z ) plane. 

We have described some of the general characteristics of polymers, and how they can be grouped according to structure, but we have not addressed any of the more quantitative aspects of polymer structures. For instance, we have stated that a polymer is made up of many monomer (repeat) units, but how many of these repeat units do we typically find in a polymer Do all polymer chains have the same number of repeat units These topics are addressed in this section on polymer molecular weight. Again, the kinetics of polymer formation are not discussed until Chapter 3—we merely assume here that the polymer chains have been formed and that we can count the number of repeat units in each chain. 

The results obtained in the Section 2 to 5 show the possibilities of PDC in three fields (1) in the field of thermodynamics and kinetics of polymer separation in the system sol/gel, leading, among others, to the corresponding quantities known from... 

Grollmann U, Schnabel W (1980) On the kinetics of polymer degradation in solution, 9. Pulse radiolysis of polyethylene oxide). Makromol Chem 181 1215-1226 Hamer DH (1986) Metallothionein. In Richardson CC, Boyer PD, Dawid IB, Meister A (eds) Annual review of biochemistry. Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, pp 913-951 Held KD, Harrop HA, Michael BD (1985) Pulse radiolysis studies of the interactions of the sulfhydryl compound dithiothreitol and sugars. Radiat Res 103 171-185 Hilborn JW, PincockJA (1991) Rates of decarboxylation of acyloxy radicals formed in the photocleavage of substituted 1-naphthylmethyl alkanoates. J Am Chem Soc 113 2683-2686 Hiller K-O, Asmus K-D (1983) Formation and reduction reactions of a-amino radicals derived from methionine and its derivatives in aqueous solutions. J Phys Chem 87 3682-3688 Hiller K-O, Masloch B, Gobi M, Asmus K-D (1981) Mechanism of the OH radical induced oxidation of methionine in aqueous solution. J Am Chem Soc 103 2734-2743 Hoffman MZ, Hayon E (1972) One-electron reduction of the disulfide linkage in aqueous solution. Formation, protonation and decay kinetics of the RSSR radical. J Am Chem Soc 94 7950-7957... 

B. Interpreting the Kinetics of Polymer Degradation in the Solid State... 

Stadlbauer, M. (2001) Rheo-kinetics of polymers in extension Rheometry, rheology, and structure development, Ph.D. thesis, University of Linz, Austria... 

Liu, N. A. and Fan, W. C. Critical consideration on the Freeman and Carroll method for evaluating global mass loss kinetics of polymer thermal degradation. Thermochemica Acta 1999 338 85. 

Gornick, F., and L. Mandelkern Effect of noncristallizable components on the crystallization kinetics of polymers. J. Appl. Phys. 33, 907—913 (1962). 

Patki R, Mezghani K and Phillips PJ, "Crystallization Kinetics of Polymers" in Mark JE (Ed), "Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook", Springer, Berlin, 2nd Ed, 2007, Chap. 39. 

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