Ketones, methyl with carbon tetrachloride

Szollosi et al. have studied MgO as a catalyst for the hydrogen-transfer reaction between methyl ketones and /-PrOH in the vapor phase [19]. It was shown that deactivation occurred as a result of condensation products formed from methyl ketones and acetone. This deactivation could be prevented by pretreatment of the catalyst with carbon tetrachloride. It was proposed that CP ions block the irreversible adsorption of ketones at Lewis-acid sites. 

SAN resins show considerable resistance to solvents and are insoluble in carbon tetrachloride, ethyl alcohol, gasoline, and hydrocarbon solvents. They are swelled by solvents such as ben2ene, ether, and toluene. Polar solvents such as acetone, chloroform, dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, and pyridine will dissolve SAN (14). The interactions of various solvents and SAN copolymers containing up to 52% acrylonitrile have been studied along with their thermodynamic parameters, ie, the second virial coefficient, free-energy parameter, expansion factor, and intrinsic viscosity (15). 

Ethylene Cyanohydrin. This cyanohydrin, also known as hydracrylonitnle or glycocyanohydrin [109-78-4] is a straw-colored Hquid miscible with water, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethanol, and is insoluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, and carbon tetrachloride. Ethylene cyanohydrin differs from the other cyanohydrins discussed here in that it is a P-cyanohydrin. It is formed by the reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrogen cyanide. 

Water with aniline, benzene, benzyl alcohol, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethane, tributyl phosphate or toluene. 

Obtain the TLVs for the following chemicals carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, iodine, ethyl formate, phenol, methanol, and MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). Rank these in order of greatest health risk. Here s a chance for you to become acquainted with some of the Web sites referred to earlier. 

Solutions in organic solvents may, with certain reservations, be used directly, provided that the viscosity of the solution is not very different from that of an aqueous solution. The important consideration is that the solvent should not lead to any disturbance of the flame an extreme example of this is carbon tetrachloride, which may extinguish an air-acetylene flame. In many cases, suitable organic solvents [e.g. 4-methylpentan-2-one (methyl isobutyl ketone) and the hydrocarbon mixture sold as white spirit ] give enhanced production of ground-state gaseous atoms and lead to about three times the sensitivity... 

Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (2-butanone) and methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-pentan-2-one) (6.8 mmol/kg bw for 3 days) increased the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride to Sprague-Dawley rats (Raymond Plaa, 1995a) this enhancement of toxicity was coincident with increased microsomal aniline hydroxylase activity (Raymond Plaa, 1995b). In addition to the effect on cytochrome P450, acetone, but not the other ketones, increased basal canalicular membrane fluidity, as measured by fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5 -hexatriene or 1 - [4-(trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl] -1,3,5 -hexa-triene (Raymond Plaa, 1996). 

The reactions are carried out at room temperature, except in the case of 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-acetophenone, which requires heat. The products are nearly insoluble in ether, benzene, petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride, but dissolve in water or alcohol with decomposition. They cannot be recrystallised and hence impurities are removed by washing first with benzene and then with ether. The compounds are more or less unstable, some commencing to decompose at once and others not showing marked decomposition for a period of two weeks. Decomposition gives a reddish sticky mass with a strong lachrymatory, action and an odour like that of chloro-ketones. The following table shows the substances which have been obtained. 

ABA copolymers poly(methyl methacrylate)-polyisoprene-poly(methyl methacrylate) having polyisoprene with a high vinyl content as central block have been synthetized by Cole et al. 2I°. Dynamic mechanical properties of films of these ABA copolymers have been studied as a function of the copolymer composition, the temperature and the nature of the solvent (carbon tetrachloride, toluene, ethyl acetate, methylethyl ketone, dioxane) used for film preparation210. ... 

Schoberlh and Hanack have reported a simple synthesis of cyclopropylacetylene (11) from methyl cyclopropyl ketone (9), The ketone is converted into the dichloride (10) by treatment with purified phosphorus pentachloride in carbon tetrachloride, and this is then dehydrohalogenated with potassium r-buioxide in DMSO. 

Carbon tetrachloride, CCI4, in the presence of potassium hydroxide at 25-80 °C, transforms primary alcohols into carboxylic acids, methyl ketones into acids with the same number of carbons or with one less carbon in the chain, and aryl methyl sulfones into arenesulfonic acids [954]. 

C (decomposes) d 1.0404 (25/4C), vap press 0.08 mm Hg (25C), 20 mm Hg (117C). Miscible with water, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, chloroform, and diethyl ether insoluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and naphtha. Combustible. 

Treatment of cyclopropyl ketones with phosphorus pentachloride afforded (1,1-dichloroal-kyl)cyclopropane derivatives in variable yield. ss-iass jjjg reaction can be hampered by ring opening if the reaction is performed above room temperature. Thus, treatment of phenyl 1 -phenylcyclopropyl ketone with phosphorus pentachloride in carbon tetrachloride gave l-[dichloro(phenyl)methyl]-l-phenylcyclopropaneas the sole product at ambient temperature, whereas a second product, l,4-dichloro-l,2-diphenylbut-l-ene, was formed in addition at reflux temperature. ... 

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