Italy substantiation

English or Persian Walnuts. Walnuts are produced in more countries than any of the other tree nuts but production figures are unrehable. The United States is the leading producer of walnuts, at 234,913 t in 1990—1991 (valued at 279,720,000). Production, mostly in Califomia and Oregon, is nearly one-half of the world total. Many countries produce substantial quantities of walnuts. The USDA considers estimates of the commercial crop more rehable than the total yearly production figures, which in 1990—1991 were 152,500 t in China, 66,000 t in Turkey, 17,000 t in India, 13,000 t in Prance, and 12,000 t in Italy. Walnuts, both in-sheU and shelled, may be imported from many countries, eg. Prance, Italy, China, Turkey, and India. Most imported walnuts are smaller than domestic walnuts and are used by the confectionery and baking industries. 

Meccaniche Modeme (Busto Arsizo, Italy) acquired rights to the original AUied Chemical Company s concentric SO sulfonation unit (272). Table 10 shows comparative data on AUied s U.S. design, and that for Meccaniche Modem s concentric design, indicating equivalency. This unit has a substantial space between reactor walls, hence it requires a 6 m length to complete reaction. The process has been scaled up to 4.0 t/h capacity. 

There is also evidence from a large number of studies that homicide and violent crime are substantially more common in less egalitarian countries. (A meta analysis carried out by Hsieh and Pugh showing violent crime and homicide rates related to income inequality covers 34 studies (Hsieh and Pugh, 1993).) All of this evidence strongly suggests that as social status differences in a society increase, the quality of social relations deteriorates. The countries studied included the US, UK, Italy, and Japan, plus a number in Eastern Europe. 

A plant manufacturing 2,4,5-trichlorophenol in Seveso, Italy exploded and liberated substantial amounts of TCDD (dioxin). Although it caused quite a scare and the town was evacuated, there were no known deaths and no increase in birth defects reported. Some chloracne (a skin disease) occurred and one liver cancer was diagnosed. 

The neuropsychiatric tradition goes back to the formerly unified disciplines of psychiatry and neurology. It remains influential in Germany and has been a significant feature in psychiatric research in France, Italy, and many Eastern European countries. This tradition has more recently been extended in some countries to embrace substantial contributions from neuropsychology (Remschmidt and van Engeland, 1999b). 

Fine-chemical companies vary substantially in size. The largest ones have sales of more than 500 million the smallest ones, a few million per year (see Table 2.1). The leading companies are typically divisions of large, diversified chemical companies. The majority are located in Europe, particularly along the axis Amsterdam (The Netherlands)/Basel (Switzerland)/Florence (Italy) and in the United Kingdom. 

Opiates abuse is basically stable or declining in West and Central Europe. The annual prevalence rate remained close to 0.5 per cent of the population aged 15-64 (1.5 million people). Major opiates markets in Western Europe are the United Kingdom (some 350,000 persons) and Italy (300,000), followed by France (170,000), Germany (120,000) and Spain (70,000). Data for Spain suggest that opiates abuse has declined in recent years. These data are derived from problem drug use estimates. Household survey results in all of the countries mentioned above show substantially lower figures (with prevalence rates typically around 0.2%). Household surveys, however, may not provide the optimal measure of the number of opiates abusers as many heroin addicts do not have a fixed or permanent residence. 

The first way is pipeline transport of concentrated coal-water slurry. It assumes that utilisation of coal particle distribution preparation and/or using the various additives can substantially increase mass concentration of coal-water slurry till 70-80 %. For example, Black Messa Pipeline realised in USA transports 4.8 million tons of coal per year over the distance 439 km from the colliery in North Arizona to power plant Mohave near the border of Nevada and California with mass ratio of coal to water about 1 1, without using any additives, [5]. Recently, in the USA, Italy, China, Russia and other countries several coal pipelines were already realised. Even Oil and gas should be effectively transported as hydrate slurries, [6],... 

A substantial number of interesting luminescent molecular systems contain cy-clophane receptor units [110] and involve PET-type processes, particularly as a result of the collaboration between the teams of Stoddart (now at the University of California at Los Angeles) and Balzani (University of Bologna, Italy) [111]. 

Its average SO2 emission rate ( 4,000-5,000 Mg d b is similar to the total industrial sulfur flux from France (Allard et al., 1991) and must result in substantial elevations in tropospheric sulfate in southern Italy (Graf et al., 1998). It has been suggested that these emissions have caused pollution events in mainland Italy, and even that they have been responsible for deterioration of Roman monuments (Camufifo and Enzi, 1995). Etna also pumps an astonishing estimated 700 kg of gold into the atmosphere every year (Table 6). 

Intermittent intravenous clodronate is effective in preventing and treating postmenopausal bone loss (42). In Italy, it is also available for intramuscular administration, which might be an acceptable alternative for some patients. However, intramuscular injection caused substantial pain at the site of injection, which led to withdrawal in almost 50% of the patients who received a weekly dose (43). These results suggest that intermittent intramuscular clodronate can improve skeletal bone density in osteoporotic postmenopausal women, but in situ pain may limit its extensive use. 

Researchers at the Department of Infectious Diseases at G. d Annunzio University in Chieti Scalo, Italy, studied the possible factors that trigger the onset of CFS. Their findings substantiate what many sufferers of CFS already know an exposure to chemical and/or food toxins is frequently a precipitating factor for the disease.15... 

Exactly when making of jelly first became a household art is not known. As early as 1750, instructions were published for the preparation of apple, currant, and quince jellies. As the art developed, concentrates were made from pectin-nch. sources, starting in the early 1900 s with the use of apple pomace in Germany and of citrus wastes in Italy. The industry soon spread to the United States, with the production of pectin concentrates from apple pomace for use in industrial and household production of jellies. By the middle 1920 s, the citrus producers had entered the field, competing with the dry pectins now available from apple pomace. Competition, and multiple sources of raw material, led to the production of pectins with various jelling properties. Increased knowledge, plentiful raw material, and substantial financial support from the citrus industry eventuated in the currently available modifications of the natural product, low ester pectins ( low methoxyl ), pectates, and pectinates. 

Although substantial work has been carried out on the recovery of lead from battery residues by electrolytic means, no system has been adopted for large-scale commercial operations. Companies such as Engitech Impianti in Italy and RSR in the USA have patents on electrolytic systems, whilst a European consortium, led by Tecnicas Reunidas in Spain, has developed the chloride-based PLACID and FLINT lead recovery processes. 

Loss was again rapid on the plant surface with 70 to 90% loss in 6 hours. On soils, photolysis was substantially slower and more than 80% of 2,3,7,8-TCDD remained after 6 hours of exposure Rapid initial loss from the soil was followed by a pronounced decrease in the photolysis rate constant On 2,3,7,8-TCDD contaminated soils treated with olive oil, photodecomposition also was observed in experiments at Seveso, Italy, although substantial data scatter was apparent (42). 

Arguably this has contributed to a strong focus on technical standards in Gennany, vdiile in Italy the absence of substantial leadership from any central national authority has contributed to considerable regional diversity in regulatory practices in relation to chemical hazards. 

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