Isocyanic acid, 2- ethyl

SYNS ETHYL ISOCYANATE pOT) ISOCYANATOETHANE ISOCYANIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER... 

ISOCYANIC ACID, 3,3 -DIMETHYL-4,4 -BIPHENYLENE ESTER see DQSOOO ISOCYANIC ACID, ESTER with DI-o-TOLUENEMETHANE see MJN750 ISOCYANIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER see ELS500 ISOCYANIC ACID, 4-ELUOROBUTYL ESTER see FHC200... 

Synonyms Isocyanatoethane Isocyanic acid ethyl ester... 

Dichlorophenyl isocyanate Isocyanic acid, 3,3 -dimethoxy-4,4 -diphenylene ester. See Dianisidine diisocyanate Isocyanic acid, 3,3 -dimethyl-4,4 -biphenylene ester. See Bitoluene diisocyanate Isocyanic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl isocyanate Isocyanic acid, hexamethylene ester. See Hexamethylene diisocyanate Isocyanic acid, hexamethylene ester, polymers. See Hexamethylene diisocyanate polymer Isocyanic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isocyanate... 

Isocyanic acid, 2-(chIoroformyl)ethyl ester (8) Propanoyl chloride, 3-isocyanato- (9) (3729-19-9)... 

N-Methylethylamine has been prepared by heating ethyl-amine with methyl iodide in alcohol at 100° 3 by the hydrolysis of N-methyl-N-ethylarenesulfonamides,4-5 -nitroso-N-methyl-N-ethylaniline,6 or methylethylbenzhydrylidene ammonium iodide 7 by catalytic hydrogenation of ethyl isocyanate or ethyl isocyanide 8 and by the reduction of ethyl isocyanate by lithium aluminum hydride,9 of N-methylacetisoaldoxime by sodium amalgam and acetic acid,10 or of a nitromethane/ethylmagnesium bromide adduct by zinc and hydrochloric acid.11... 

Thus, 4-substituted 5-amino-3-benzylsulfanyl-l/7-pyrazole 65 derivatives (R = CN or COOEt) were treated with phosphoric acid ethyl ester chloride isocyanate in the presence of triethylamine under mild conditions (0-20 °C) for 3 h to give the ring-closed product 66 in medium to good yields (70% and 61%, respectively). 

Heating of a-cyano-)3-(dimethylamino)crotonamide (15a) or A -aminocarbonyl-iV. A -dimethyl-formimidamide (15b) with ethyl anthranilate in glacial acetic acid yields quinazoline-2,4(1/f,3/f)-dione. The enaminoamide 15a or formimidamide 15b is decomposed in situ on heating in glacial acetic acid into isocyanic acid which subsequently reacts with ethyl anthrani-... 

Addition to a,p-unsaturated ethers. In the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid, isocyanic acid adds to vinyl n-butyl ether to give 1-butoxy-ethyl isocyanate in high yield. ... 

DICHLOROPHOSPHORIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER (1498-51-7) May be combustible. Reacts with moisture in air, forming hydrogen chloride. Reacts with water, steam, forming hydrochloric acid. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers, nitrates. Aqueous solution incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 

Fig. 36. General acid-catalysed aminolysis of isocyanic acid [121] Eigen type curvature consistent with diffusion limiting proton transfer. CA, chloroacetic acid Dabco, l,4-diazabicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane AC, acetic add AN, anilinium ion PM, iV-propargylmorpholinium ion CEM, 2-chloroethylmorpholinium ion, MeM, iV-methylmorpholinium ion EG, ethyl glycinate BOR, boric acid MBA, methyl j8-alaninate ET, ethylammonium ion Q, quinuclidinium ion PIP, piperidinium ion ACET, acetamidinium ion Gu, guanidium ion.

Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl] methoxy] phenyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester. See Dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan Dichlorophenyl isocyanate. See 2,6-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 2,3-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 2,5-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 2,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate... 

CAS 622-58-2 EINECS/ELINCS 210-743-4 Synonyms Benzene, 1-isocyanato-4-methyl- 1-lsocyanato-4-methylbenzene 4-Isocyanatotoluene p-lsocyanatotoluene Isocyanic acid, p-tolyl ester 4-Methylphenyl isocyanate p-M ethyl phenyl isocyanate TMI p-TMl 4-Toluene isocyanate p-Toluene isocyanate 4-Tolyl isocyanate Classification Isocyanic acid ester Empirical CsHyNO... 

N-Substituted esters of carbamic acid (carbamic acid is the mono-amide of carbonic acid) are compounds containing the -NHCOOR group, and are named carbamates or urethanes. Urethane (or urethan) is also used as a name for ethyl carbamate 515, NH2COOEt (a compound which has been shown to act as a carcinogen in some animals), and sometimes even for the whole class of carbamate esters. It is formed by reaction of ethanol with isocyanic acid 516 or urea 517. Since "urethane nomenclature may be confusing there is litde justification in its continued use. 

Initially, the functionalized isocyanides were prepared in template syntheses at metal centers. Beck et al. [30], Fehlhammer et al. [31], and Michelin et al. [32] describe the reactions of complexes bearing isocyanic acid or isocyanide ligands with epoxides or aziridine. These reactions led to /3-functionalized ethyl isocyanides that subsequently cyclized at the metal template to yield cyclic heterocarbenes (Scheme 9.7, method a). Complexes bearing /3-nucleophile substituted isocyanide ligands can also be obtained by the reaction of ethylenediamine or ethanolamine with coordinated trichloromethyl isocyanide [33] or dichlorocarbene ligands [34] followed by cyclization of the intermediately formed /3-functionalized isocyanide ligand (Scheme 9.7, method b). 

Protection and Deprotection.—N-Protected a-amino-acids are readily esterified by methanol or ethanol in 60—80% yield after reaction with an enamine (e.g. from isobutyraldehyde and piperidine) and t-butyl isocyanate. Such amino-acids can also be esterified efficiently with alkyl halides under phase-transfer conditions with no racemization. Direct esterification of a-amino-acids with ethyl toluene-p-sulphonate in boiling ethanol gives a-amino-acid ethyl esters in 80—90% yield as the sulphonate salts. The protection of acid functions by formation of the 2-chloro-(or bromo-)ethyl esters has been discussed. These derivatives survive exposure to both moderately acidic and basic conditions and are removable by conversion into the iodoethyl analogues followed by zinc reduction. Alternatively, they may be converted into hydrophilic ammonium or phosphonium salts which exhibit enhanced acid stability but which are cleaved by very dilute base. Yet another method for the removal of such groups using supernucleophilic Co phthalocyanin anions has been reviewed. Further routes to 2,2,2-trichloroethyl esters have been described, one of which employs an activated ester intermediate and is suited to acid-labile substrates. 

Ethyl carbamate in wine is formed (mostly at the end of fermentation) from urea. The intermediates of its degradation are probably cyanates and cyanic acid (HO-C=N), also known as hydrogen cyanate, which may isomerise to isocyanic acid (H-N=C=0). Iso-cyanic acid can also arise by protonation of the cyanate anion and nucleophilic addition of ethanol to isocyanic acid yields ethyl carbamate. Isocyanic acid also reacts with other nucleophilic reagents, such as water (with formation of ammonia and carbon dioxide), thiols and amino groups of proteins. By catalysis with ornithinecar-bamoyl transferase, citrulline is transformed into ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate, the ethanolysis of which yields ethyl carbamate (Figure 12.39). 

Organoaluminum compounds also undergo insertion reaction with isocyanates. For example, aluminum trialkyls react with alkyl and aryl isocyanates to give carboxylic acid amides after hydrolysis . Alkyl aluminum chlorides react similarly . Aluminium trichloride also forms insertion products with isocyanates Diethylaluminum ethyl thiolate or dimethylamide react with equimolar amounts of alkyl or aryl isocyanates to give the expected insertion products 274. ... 

The reaction of l-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide (EmimDCA) with WFNA was followed by IR spectroscopy and the presence of CO2, N2O, H2O and isocyanic acid HNCO was evidenced whereas HCN, HONO, NO and CO do not form (Chowdhury at al. 2009b). The use of labeled nitric acid (HisNOs) leads to the formation of i Ni NO and Ri NCO, proving that the NO fimctionality of nitrous oxide derived from nitric acid and the isocyanic acid nitrogen atom comes from DCA anion only. 

The use of polar solvents, such as /V, /V- dim ethyl fo rm am i de [68-12-2] is noted to result in extensive trimer formation. However, if the isocyanate is trapped using compounds such as alcohols, carboxyUc acids, and amines which contain active hydrogen, high yields are obtained (93). 

Naphthol is mainly used in the manufacture of the insecticide carbaryl (59), l-naphthyl A/-methyicarbamate/ iJ-2j5 - (Sevin) (22), which is produced by the reaction of 1-naphthol with methyl isocyanate. Methyl isocyanate is usually prepared by treating methylamine with phosgene. Methyl isocyanate is a very toxic Hquid, boiling at 38°C, and should not be stored for long periods of time (Bhopal accident, India). India has developed a process for the preparation of aryl esters of A/-alkyl carbamic acids. Thus l-naphthyl methylcarbamate is prepared by refluxing 1-naphthol with ethyl methylcarbamate and POCl in toluene (60). In 1992, carbaryl production totaled > 11.4 x 10 t(35). Rhc ne-Poulenc, at its Institute, W. Va., facihty is the only carbaryl producer in United States. 

Woodward s synthesis, 4, 416-419 Chlorophyll b, 4, 382 Chlorophyll c, 4, 382 Chlorophyll d, 4, 382 Chlorophylls, 4, 378 biosynthesis reviews, 1, 99 structure, 4, 370 substituents reactions, 4, 402 Chloroporphyrin e, 4, 404 Chloroprothixene pharmacology, 3, 942 Chloropyramine as antihistamine, 1, 177 Chloropyrifos synthesis, 2, 201 Chloropyrifos-ethyl as insecticide, 2, 516 Chloropyrifos-methyl as insecticide, 2, 516 Chloroquine, 1, 145 adsorption on nucleic acids, 1, 179 as antimalarial, 1, 173, 2, 517 Chloroquine, hydroxy-as antimalarial, 2, 517 Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate cycloaddition reactions... 

Open times of two-component urethanes can vary widely, depending on the level of catalyst. Reaction times can vary from 90 s to over 8 h. Dibutyltin dilaurate is the most common catalyst employed to catalyze the urethane reaction. This is normally added to the polyol side. A tertiary amine may also be added in small amounts. Tin catalysts do not catalyze the amine/isocyanate reaction very well. Acids, such as 2-ethyl hexanoic acid, may be employed to catalyze the amine/isocyanate reaction where needed. 

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