Iron pyrites source

After aluminium, iron is the most abundant metal and the fourth most abundant of all the elements it occurs chiefly as oxides (for example haematite (FCjO,), magnetite (lodestonej (FC3O4) and as iron pyrites FeSj- Free iron is found in meteorites, and it is probable that primitive man used this source of iron for tools and weapons. The extraction of iron began several thousand years ago, and it is still the most important metal in everyday life because of its abundance and cheapness, and its ability to be cast, drawn and forged for a variety of uses. 

Total 1991 world production of sulfur in all forms was 55.6 x 10 t. The largest proportion of this production (41.7%) was obtained by removal of sulfur compounds from petroleum and natural gas (see Sulfurremoval and recovery). Deep mining of elemental sulfur deposits by the Frasch hot water process accounted for 16.9% of world production mining of elemental deposits by other methods accounted for 5.0%. Sulfur was also produced by roasting iron pyrites (17.6%) and as a by-product of the smelting of nonferrous ores (14.0%). The remaining 4.8% was produced from unspecified sources. 

Potential Processes. Sulfur vapor reacts with other hydrocarbon gases, such as acetjiene [74-86-2] (94) or ethylene [74-85-1] (95), to form carbon disulfide. Higher hydrocarbons can produce mercaptan, sulfide, and thiophene intermediates along with carbon disulfide, and the quantity of intermediates increases if insufficient sulfur is added (96). Light gas oil was reported to be successflil on a semiworks scale (97). In the reaction with hydrocarbons or carbon, pyrites can be the sulfur source. With methane and iron pyrite the reaction products are carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, and iron or iron sulfide. Pyrite can be reduced with carbon monoxide to produce carbon disulfide. 

The Falun Mine Is the Oldest Copper Mine in Sweden. It was worked in the 13th century, and has been run almost continually ever since. Its present output of copper is small, but iron pyrite is still produced. The pyrite from this mine was the first source of selenium. Gahn, the discoverer of manganese, and Sefstrom, the discoverer of vanadium, lived in Falun. 

Other Sources of Selenium. In 1820 Leopold Gmelin prepared pure selenium from the fuming sulfuric acid of Graslitz [Kretzlitz] in Bohemia, and in the following year Buch and Wohler showed that this selenium came originally from the particles of iron pyrites dispersed in the alum shale from which the sulfuric acid had been prepared. 

Liquid Sulphur Dioxide.—Sulphur dioxide was the first gas to be converted to the liquid state.4 It can be liquefied by passage through a tube cooled to below —10° C. in a freezing mixture,5 but commercially the liquid is produced by compression.6 The sulphurous gases from burning iron pyrites or some other suitable source, containing some... 

Hoffman et al. (18) conducted a parametric study to determine the effect of bacterial strain, N/P molar ratio, the partial pressure of CO2, the coal source and the total reactive surface area on the rate and extent of oxidative dissolution of iron pyrite at a fixed oxygen pressure. The bacterial desulfurization of high pyritic sulfur coal could be achieved in 8 to 12 days for pulp densities upto 20% and particle size of less than 7 um. The most effective strains of T. ferrooxidans were isolated from the natural systems, and the most effective nutrient medium contained low phosphate levels, with an optimal N/P molar ratio of 90 1. 

Lapis lazuli is a deep blue gemstone that is a complex copper silicate mineral varying widely in composition. It often contains sparkles of iron pyrite or calcite. The best source is probably Afghanistan. A pale blue variety is found in Chile. Some material sold as lapis lazuli is actually artificially colored jasper from Germany. 

When pure the density of iron pyrites is 5 027 at 25° C.2 Nickel and cobalt are sometimes present, probably as isomorphous intermixtures of their corresponding sulphides copper may also be present, perhaps as chalcopynte. Thallium, silver, and even gold have been found in pyrites, the last-named in sufficient quantity to render the mineral a profitable source of that precious metal, as, for example, m British Columbia, where auriferous pyrites is largely worked. 

Mine tailings are a source of both metal and nonmetal contamination. A common material in coal mines is iron pyrite, FeS2. As a contaminant of coal, this compound and similar compounds contribute to the production of sulfur oxides in flue gases when coal is burned. As a material in mine tailings, it contributes both iron and sulfur to water pollution when the sulfide is oxidized in a series of reactions to sulfate and the Fe(II) oxidized to Fe(III) ... 

SULEIDES Sulfur Pyrite iron ore, source of SULEUR, "marcasite" JEWELRY... 

Up until the 1940s the manufacture of heavy chemicals in India was insignificant. For example, the production of H2SO4 was only 18,000 tons as contrasted with 7 million tons in the United States. Until the establishment of the first contact acid plant in 1948, all production involved the chamber process. The installed annual capacity in 1948 was 175,000 tons, distributed among 49 different factories. Because India does not have a source of free sulfur, the production of H2SO4 is one of the critical chemical industries. Development of the large deposits of iron pyrite in the northern part of the country would alleviate this problem. 

Pitchblende is one of the most fertile sources of radioactive material. Its composition varies widely, but it always contains an oxide of uranium, associated with oxides of other metals, especially copper, silver, and bismuth the Austrian mineral contains cobalt and nickel the American, samples contain no cobalt or nickel but are largely associated with iron pyrites and arsenic zinc, manganese, and the rare earths are frequently present, while occasionally calcium, barium, aluminium, zirconium, thorium, columbium, and tantalum are reported. Dissolved gases, especially nitrogen and helium, are present in small proportions. 

Black iron sulfide Cl 77540 EINECS 215-268-6 Ferrous monosulfide Ferrous sulfide (FeS) HSDB 5803 Iron monosulfide Iron monosulfide (FeS) Iron protosulfide Iron sulfide (FeS) Iron sulfuret Iron sulphide Magnetkies Pyrrhotine Troillite. A variety of iron pyrites. Used as a source of H2S, in ceramics, as a pigment, in anodes and lubricant coatings. Colorless-grey crystals mp = 1194" d = 4,84 insoluble in H2O, soluble in acids,... 

Sulfur is a component of numerous minerals. Sulfides include iron pyrite ( fool s gold, FeS ), zinc blende (ZnS), galena (PbS), and cinnabar (HgS). Sulfates include gypsum (CaSO H O) and barite (BaSO ). These ores are among industry s principal sources of copper, zinc, lead. 

The sulfur content of coal is quite variable, typically in the range 0.5%-5.0% w/w. This includes both inorganic and organic sulfur. Inorganic sulfur is present mainly in the form of iron pyrite. Sulfur contained in the precursor proteins and amino acids may be a source of sulfur in coal but hydrogen sulfide and pyrite are quite capable of reacting with the coal precursors to produce sulfur constituents as found in coal. 

---