Iron calcium complex

Other forms of iron which are present in different pharmaceutical preparations are ferric ammonium citrate, ferrous succinate, iron choline citrate, ferrous amionate, iron calcium complex, carbonyl iron, ferric glycerophosphate, haemoglobin, elemental iron, ferrous glycine sulphate, glycerinated haemoglobin, and iron (III) hydroxide polymaltose complex (equivalent to elemental iron). 

A typical slag (specific gravity 3.6) contains complex siUcates of iron, calcium, 2iac, magnesium, and aluminum oxides. The quantity of fluxes (compounds added to lower the melting poiat) added depends on the feed composition, and is calculated to ensure a fluid slag at the operating temperature. 

Dosages of EDTA are delivered as the calcium disodium salt, Na2[Ca(EDTA)]. The calcium complex prevents EDTA from extracting iron from the blood. Unlike iron, heavy metal ions such as preferentially... 

Similarly, for the system of iron/calcium/phosphate, the percentage distribution of various complexes can also be calculated using solution equilibrium calculations as shown in Fig. 6.26. It follows that depending on solution pH, the dominant complexes is CaPO at pH= 10, whereas CaHP04(aq) and CaH2P04are dominant at pH = 8. 

Silicates are found as hard, dense, gray-to-gray/brown scales. Silicates are complex materials and usually associated with several cations, including sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and perhaps aluminum. Silicates do not dissolve when tested with concentrated HC1. 

The effects of the mineral matter depend on the chemical and mineralogical composition. Many standard analytical techniques are available to quantify the elements present in the mineral species. These include silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, titanium and others. The elements are usually reported as oxides, because the oxide anion is the predominant one in fly ash. However, the mineral species are not usually simple oxides, but very frequently are tied up in the different mineral forms as more complex aluminosilicates or other species as indicated above. A variety of techniques is used to identify the mineral matter. 

The results of dietary zinc analysis need to be considered in terms of the availability of the zinc in the food for intestinal absorption. The zinc content of whole meals and the total daily zinc intake are not sufficient information on their own, without knowledge of factors which inhibit or promote intestinal absorption (O Dell, 1984). Free ionic zinc probably does not exist in the intestinal tract, zinc being bound to molecular species such as protein, amino acids, phytic acid, citrate and others. The bioavailability of the metal is determined by the nature of these zinc binding ligands. When the zinc complex is insolubie as in Zn-phytate, the uptake from diet is poor, whereas zinc-protein or zinc-amino acid complexes are more easily dissociated and are a good source of available zinc. Other dietary components affect zinc absorption such as the amount of iron, calcium and phosphate. 

In soils and sediments, complexation can increase organic phosphorus stabilization, especially with iron (III) and calcium ions and their minerals (Harrison, 1987 House and Denison, 2002). The interaction with iron (III) was reported to transform a large part of the labile and moderately labile organic phosphorus forms supplied with manure to paddy soils into more resistant organic phosphorus, possibly because inositol phosphates initially bound to calcium or magnesium were transformed into iron-bound compounds (Zhang et aL, 1994). In the presence of calcium, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate can form two soluble calcium complexes with one or two calcium ions (Ca - or Ca2-phytate), but when three calcium ions are involved (Cag-phytate), the complex precipitates at all pH values (Graf, 1983). This enhances the interaction of myo-... 

Various polyene—ion complexes have been developed. Water-soluble complexes of amphotericin B with calcium and oxalic or succinic acids have been described [382]. Stable water-soluble borate complexes of amphotericin B, candidin, candicidin, pimaricin have been developed [383]. An advantage of producing stable water-soluble iron(Fe(II) and Fe(III))—polyene complexes was that complexes retained the in vitro antifungal properties of the parent compound [384] while water-soluble calcium complexes showed enhanced antifungal action [385] and it has been suggested that amphotericin B—meglumine complexes were less toxic when used intravenously than desoxycholate complexes [386]. 

The incorporation of phosphorus by green plants is the main means of entry of this element into the biosphere. If we consider a plant, the surroundings in which the roots live are very complex. Phosphorus is present in the form of sparingly, soluble calcium, iron and aluminium salts, as adsorbed anions on the soil particles and as organic compounds derived from the corpses of plants, animals and micro-organisms (iron, calcium or aluminium salts of phytin, and of nucleoproteins). In neutral or calcareous soils, the calcium salts of organic forms of phosphorus are more soluble... 

Partial hydolysis of phytate to myo-inositoltetrakis- and -triphosphate is desirable from a nutritional physiological point of view. In comparison with phytate, these less phosphory-lated myo-inositols do not form such stable complexes with cations. Consequently, the absorption of zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium ions is not... 

One of the better-known corrosion-inhibitor admixtures used in attempting to control chloride-induced rebar corrosion is calcium nitrite, Ca(N02)2. The mechanism of inhibition involves nitrite ions competing with chloride ions to react with Fe + ions produced at the anode. Essentially, the nitrite ions hmit the formation of unstable iron chloride complexes and promote the formation of stable compounds that passivate the rebar surface. The following reactions have been proposed ... 

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