Investors types

Redesigning the corporate organization in a way that best unleashes performance at business unit level and captures cross-business synergy, in particular putting in place a lean investor-type corporate center that can unlock these synergies at low cost. 

Putting in Place a Lean, Investor-Type Corporate Center... 

Leading large specialty chemical companies wiU be those which put in place a lean, investor-type corporate center and act on levers similar to those used by the leveraged buyout fund managers or private equity players such as KKR, Cinven or Investcorp. We could compare this to a multi-internal LBO approach across businesses. Key levers are ... 

Governments often offer monetary incentives to prospective manufacturing investors. The types of inducements offered are ... 

Marketing forecasts for batteries have been compiled from the Annual Reports published by several battery companies. Information based on the trade journals and investor s brochures, which surveyed and evaluated the present and future global distribution of battery types, was collected. Points of interest were the availability of batteries and their performance/cost ratios, but also geographical usage in connection with social considerations, such as per-... 

Martin Austin founded TransformRx GmbH in January 2005 in response to observing the imbalance of information between companies and the investor community. Since then the company has been involved in advising funds and companies large and small on investment, merger, acquisition and business development issues. More information on the type and scope of these assignments can be found on the TransformRx website www.transformrx. com. 

In this report, we look at the different types of alternative sources to determine which are the most viable over the longer-term and, as a result, have the greatest growth potential. We also review the investment vehicles that can enable individual investors to take advantage of this potential. 

Some noteworthy similarities exist between wind energy systems and CPV systems.9 They both employ relatively common materials, particularly steel. Wind system costs are typically less than 1 per watt they depend mainly on the cost of steel, whereas flat-plate PV is linked to the availability and cost of expensive semiconductor silicon. But solar concentrator structures are also amenable to an auto-assembly type of production (see Fig. 5), and CPV developers estimate CPV production facility costs are much closer to those of wind systems than to those of flat-plate PV production facilities. In early EPRI cost studies, CPV production facility costs were estimated (on the same costing basis as the crystalline and amorphous silicon facilities) to be about 28 million for a 100 MW per year installation—about one-quarter the cost of the conventional silicon PV facilities.10 These lower investment costs can lead to a faster scale-up of manufacturing facilities because investor risk is relatively smaller than the risks entailed in investing in conventional PV production facilities. 

Finally, more new players will start to enter the market. These may be either incumbents experimenting with new business models and new market spaces such as DuPont, or there may be new players. We basically see three types of new entrants emerging functional speciahsts (i.e., infrastructure providers such as Vo-pak), market brokers such as CheMatch or Omnexus, or financial investors such as CVC and The Sterling Group. 

The specification of the fuel used (Table 4) has to be made in view of the investor, the size and the purpose of the application. In the applications selected for this paper we specify only four types of fuels in order to keep the applications comparable and to stick to the most realistic case given in Austria. 

Three types of ownership of Indian industry are the public sector, owned completely by the government the private sector, supported by private funds and private investors and a joint group owned both privately and by the government. Certain areas are classified as core industries in which greater emphasis is placed on achieving public ownership. 

Empirical research is one of the ways to understand how investors view how the companies have value at stake on sustainability issues. Here, I will briefly discuss two types of research that are directly applicable to the chemical industry.26... 

A number of research papers have shown how investors react negatively to the disclosure of data from the Toxics Release Inventory when a company is a leading emitter (Konar and Cohen, 1997). This is not particularly surprising investors typically react negatively to news events they believe have some dark connotation. Environmental news is no different from other types of news. While it is true that investors dislike bad environmental news, this research does not show how long this effect lasts. 

Building infrastructure in anticipation of market development has rarely happened, and when it has, the investors have usually been disappointed, especially with high cost refueling stations, such as for natural gas or electricity. Fuels with lower infrastructure investment costs, such as ethanol, would appear to have lower barriers to introduction. However, the target markets for these fuels are general consumer vehicles which refuel at branded and independent stations. Branded stations have been reluctant to offer fuels not supported by the parent companies both types of stations have thin profit margins that increase the opportunity costs of replacing a conventional pump with an alternative fuel. 

Securitization, thus, creates genuine cost reductions. By eliminating the risk of bankruptcy to investors, many different types of companies can better utilize their most valuable asset, their receivables, by accessing low cost capital market funding. 

Values reflect the relative concern that an organization has for its employees, customers, investors, suppliers, and other stakeholders. Values help define not only the manner in which business will be conducted (how these stakeholders will be treated) but the types of business in which an organization will engage. The fit between an individual and an organization is often determined by these values. 

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