Integrated environmental protection

Process integrated environmental protection which means the invention of new processes or the modification of known processes in such a way that less or no waste is produced by the process, cf. Sect. 3. 

Integrated enhancement ratio, 14 852 Integrated environmental protection, 24 196... 

Ullmanrfs Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (1995) Production-integrated environmental protection, B8, 213-309, VCH. 

J. Wiesner, C. Christ, W. Fiihrer et al.. Production-integrated environmental protection, Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2003 (Electronic Release 2001), Vol. 30, pp. 89-192. 

Christ, C. (Ed.) Production-Integrated Environmental Protection and Waste Management in the Chemical Industry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 1999. 

Since the early 1970s, the European Union (EU) has been working to improve air quahty by controlling emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, improving fuel quahty, and by integrating environmental protection requirements into the transport and energy sectors. 

Scientific environmental monitoring systems are of particnlar importance. The aim must be to integrate environmental protection considerations into prod-nets and processes as early as possible in the development phase. 

In analysing the possible justification of State aid granted in the form of the free allocation of allowances under the EU ETS, it is important to have an appreciation of the Commission s general approach to the approval of the grant of aid for environmental purposes.17 In its own words, this approach must satisfy a double imperative it must ensure the competitive functioning of markets, while at the same time integrating environmental protection requirements into competition policy (in particular, focusing upon the internalization of the costs of environmental impacts). However, the Commission is prepared to allow aid ... 

In the near future, the use of multifunctional polymer-based materials with separation/selective transport capabilities is also to be expected in the design of production systems with integrated environmental protection or inthe combination of chemical reactions and separation by attaching a catalytic functionality to the respective material [1]. Thus, those multifunctional materials should contribute materially to the development of clean energy and/or energy saving and therefore sustainable production technologies. In connection with these perspectives, there is considerable interest in new/modified polymer-based materials with tailored transport/catalytic properties. Also, many sensor applications are based on controlled permeation. 

End-of-pipe measures are implemented in the short term and need modest investment In contrast, production-integrated environmental protection necessitates longer-term policy committed towards sustainable development. 

Production-integrated environmental protection implies that ecological issues are included in the conceptual design at very early stages. This approach should prevail over the end-of-pipe measures, which shift but do not solve the problem. 

Christ C (1999a) Integrated Environmental Protection Reduces Water Pollution, Chem. Eng. Technd. 22, No. 8 642-651. 

For a detailed revietv of industrial recycling concepts and processes see Stein-hilper/Schneider (1996), Production- and Product-Integrated Environmental Protection in Manufacturing Engineering. 

Production-integrated environmental protection implies that ecological issues take part from the conceptual design activities, starting with the earliest stages. Two directions can be envisaged ... 

The chapter on Integrated Process Design presents the features of the systems approach and of systematic design methods. This chapter offers also the opportunity to discuss social issues as Sustainable Development and Production-integrated environmental protection. 

In chemical production processes wastewaters loaded with side products are often formed, and these must be cleaned in a wastewater-treatment plant before they are discharged into a body of water.The amount of wastewater can be reduced, for example, by recycling, recovery of ingredients, and by using low-water processes (integrated environmental protection) [Christ 1999]. In spite of these measures, more than 4 x 10 m a of wastewater is produced in Germany. 

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