Insulin in diabetes

Mateo, M.C., Bustamante, J. and Cantalapredia, M.A. (1978). Serum zinc, copper and insulin in diabetes mellitus. Biomedicine 29, 56-58. 

Subcutaneous (SC) Into the layer just under the skin this is most commonly associated with insulin in diabetes mellitus. 

Nephrotoxin administration (e.g., radiocontrast dye) should be avoided whenever possible. When patients require contrast dye and are at risk of contrast dye-induced nephropathy, renal perfusion should be maximized through strategies such as assuring adequate hydration with normal saline or sodium bicarbonate solutions and administration of oral acetylcysteine 600 mg every 12 hours for four doses. Strict glycemic control with insulin in diabetics has also reduced the development of ARF. 

Rossetti L, Smith D, Shuhnan GI, Papachristou D, DeFronzo RA. (1987) Correction of hyperglycemia with phlorizin normalizes tissue sensitivity to insulin in diabetic rats. J Clin Invest 79 1510-1515. 

Indomethacin, 318 Insulin, in diabetes, 136 lodination of phenols, 97, 314 lodothiouracyl, 265 Iprindol, 318 Iproniazid, 254 Isoaminile, 82 Isobucaine, 12 Isocarboxazine, 233... 

Soto-Aguilar MC, deShazo RD, Morgan JE, Mather P, Ibrahim G, Frentz JM, Lauritano AA. Total IgG and IgG subclass specific antibody responses to insulin in diabetic patients. Ann Allergy 1991 67(5) 499-503. 

Touitou, E., M. Donbrow, and A. Rubinstein. 1980. Effective intestinal absorption of insulin in diabetic rats using a new formulation approach. J Pharm Pharmacol 32 108. 

Hosny, E.A., H.I. Al-Shora, and M.M. Elmazar. 2001. Effect of different bile salts on the relative hypoglycemia of witepsol W35 suppositories containing insulin in diabetic beagle dogs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 27 837. 

Hosny, E.A., et al. 1997. Hypoglycemic effect of oral insulin in diabetic rabbits using pH-dependent coated capsules containing sodium salicylate without and with sodium cholate. Pharm Acta Helv 72 203. 

Morimoto, K., et al. 1982. Effective vaginal absorption of insulin in diabetic rats and rabbits using polyacrylic acid aqueous gel bases. Int J Pharm 12 107. 

Royle P, Waugh N, McAuley L, et al. Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004 CD003890. 

Saffran M, Field JB, Pena J, Jones RH, and Okuda Y. Oral insulin in diabetic dogs. J. Endocrinol. 1991 131 267-278. 

Black C, Cummins E, Royle P et al (2007) The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 11(33) 1-126... 

Table 45-8 hsts the numerous medical comphcations of PD. An average PD patient absorbs up to 60% of the dextrose in each exchange. This continuous supply of calories leads to increased adipose tissue deposition, decreased appetite, malnutrition, and altered requirements for insulin in diabetic patients. Fibrin formation in dialysate is common and can lead to obstruction of catheter outflow. Infectious comphcations of PD are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and are the leading cause of technique failure and transfer from PD to hemodialysis. The two predominant infectious complications are peritonitis and catheter-related infections, which include both exit-site and tunnel infections. 

Watnasirichaikul, S., Tucker, I.G., Davies, N.M. and Davies N.M. (2002) In-vitro release and oral bioactivity of insulin in diabetic rats using nanocapsules dispersed in biocompatible microemulsion. /. Pharm. Pharmacol., 54, 473M80. 

Self-regulated insulin device. Because replacement of insulin in diabetic patients by simple injection is not able to prevent the serious consequences of the disease [37], considerable effort is currently being devoted to the development of devices that can release insulin in response to external glucose concentration. 

Substitutive drugs take the place of a missing substance the lack can be due to dietary reasons (vitamin deficiency) or to a physiological. disturbance (insulin in diabetes, estrogens in menopause). The substitutive treatment can cover a very short period (intravenous rehydration in case of haemorrhages and diarrhoea), or can last the whole life (hormonal treatment in Addison s disease). 

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