Information: and infrastructure

In prescription, as in the other areas of clinical management, doctors - key decision-makers in the health system - are to be provided with the necessary incentives, information and infrastructure to take clinical decisions in a cost-effective way. When possible, appropriate personnel selection, valuing not only skills but also attitudes, can compensate for the characteristic weakness of incentives in the health sector. This focus on selection as an organizational... 

The NFSC is chartered by and directly responsible to the Vice President with line responsibility for the TA-V nuclear fecilities, the Energy, Information, and Infrastructure Technology Division. The NFSC acts in an advisory capacity to the line director responsible for the nuclear facilities. The subordinate facility safety committees (e.g. RCSC) are authorized to make recommendations to line management regarding the safety of matters that satisfy general criteria that have been reviewed by the NFSC and are delineated in the subordinate safety committee charter. 

The embedding approach may require an improvement of modeling in the ERP system (i.e., to maintain additional detailed information for APS purposes) but it can utilize all established business processes, data models and infrastructures. Introduction of the subordinate planning system can be done step-by-step with minimum impact on established business processes. Integration is fully guaranteed... 

The Department of Homeland Security is designed to be comprised of four main divisions Border and Transportation Security Emergency Preparedness and Response Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Countermeasures and Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection. In addition to the responsibilities described above, the new department is intended to ... 

Public information about infrastructures and control systems is available to potential hackers and intruders. The availability of this infrastructure and vulnerability data was demonstrated by a university graduate student, whose dissertation reportedly mapped every business and industrial sector in the American economy to the fiber-... 

Now that the management is committed to quality and organized to put the system in place, there is the need to provide the necessary resources including human resource, infrastructure, work environment, information and, of course, financial resources. 

Infrastructure includes resources such as buildings, equipment, supporting services, information and communication technology etc. The infrastracture shall be determined, provided and maintained so that the laboratory product conforms to specified requirements. 

Rapid collection of diffraction data depends on access to such powerful X-ray sources. This chapter describes how high-quality, high-throughput data collection can be achieved. We use SGX-CAT, the SGX Collaborative Access Team beamline, located at the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory as an example to illustrate the concepts behind the design of, and the hardware used at, synchrotron beamlines. Many of these features are found, individually or in combination, at other beamlines. Data collection at synchrotron sources produces enormous quantities of data. We, therefore, also discuss the information technology infrastructure and software that is necessary for effective data management. 

As a response to the events of September 11,2001, the National Security and Homeland Defense Workshop was included as one of six workshops held as part of Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century. The workshop topics reflect areas of societal need—materials and manufacturing, energy and transportation, national security and homeland defense, public health, information and communications, and environment. The charge for each workshop was to address the four themes of discovery, interfaces, challenges, and infrastructure as they relate to the workshop topic ... 

Redefining the service offering. Based on an evaluation of customer needs and external competitors, site services and infrastructure providers firstly need to reconsider which services they should offer - and which ones they should not. They are clearly not the best owners of activities such as catering, human resources management, information management, or patent and license management - currently often part of their service portfolio. Second, they need to define which services will be provided by their own personnel and which services will be... 

By definition, Critical Information Infrastructure (CII) encompasses both the public and the private sector and also encompasses systems in agriculture, food, water, public health, emergency services, government, defense industry, information and telecommunications, energy,... 

The web of links that connect the infrastructures expands at different levels technological as well as organizational—and most of the crucial connections are enabled by information and communication technologies (ICT). This set of underlying ICT systems is normally referred as the information infrastructure—which presents critical aspects in its own right, as well as being an essential service provider for the other infrastructures. 

What is universally accepted is that to understand, analyze and manage the risks derived from our reliance upon large-scale, complex and interdependent information-based infrastructures, we need to make use of appropriate policy and technological answers, and that this challenge can only be resolved with the application of trans-disciplinary approaches. 

The escalating use of networking services, such as the Internet, is continuously changing the scenario of CII. The utilization of information and communication technologies in central functions and procedures by all social and economic elements evolves with the development of technologies, and in different ways—and this is particularly true for the other critical infrastructures. The same policy and technical options for the protection of CII, and as a consequence CIP, are affected what can be today a sound protection option, might introduce vulnerabilities to be discovered much later. 

This research was conducted within RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment (ISE), a unit of the RAND Corporation. The mission of ISE is to improve the development, operation, use, and protection of society s essential built and natural assets, and to enhance the related social assets of safety and security of individuals in transit and in their workplaces and communities. The ISE research portfolio encompasses research and analysis on a broad range of policy areas including homeland security, criminal justice, public safety, occupational safety, the environment, energy, natural resources, climate, agriculture, economic development, transportation, information and telecommunications technologies, space exploration, and other aspects of science and technology policy. 

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