Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Coexistent infection. Chlamydia trachomatis is frequently present with Neisseria gonorrhoeae tetracycline by mouth for 7 days or a single oral dose of azithromycin Ig will treat the chlamydial urethritis. 

When diagnosing and treating gonorrhea, assume co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis treatment recommendations should cover both organisms. 

Prasad ES, Wenman WM In vitro activity of rifaximin, a topical rifamycin derivative, against Chlamydia trachomatis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1993 16 135-136. 

Pregnant women infected with N. gonorrhoeae should be treated with either a cephalosporin or spectinomycin, because fluoroquinolones are contraindicated. Azithromycin or amoxicillin is the preferred treatment for presumed Chlamydia trachomatis infection. 

Mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium avium complex are implicated in disseminated bacterial infections in AIDS patients. RFLP studies followed by hybridization with radiolabeled probe specific for an insertion sequence in M. avium (IS 1311) have been useful for typing M. avium stains (R2). A variety of molecular techniques are available for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. In addition to PCR, a method based on the ligase chain reaction has also been found to be sensitive to the detection of C. trachomatis infection in urine specimens collected from male and female subjects (VI). The differentiation between low-risk genotypes of human papilloma virus (HPV 6 or 11) from genotypes of high... 

Zaretzky, F. R., Pearce-Pratt, R., and Phillips, D. M. Sulfated polyanions block Chlamydia trachomatis infection of cervix-derived human epithelia. Infection and Immunity 1995, 63(9), 3520-3526. 

Clotrimazole is an imidazole antifungal agent indicated for the treatment of fungal infections caused by Candida albicans. The administration of clotrimazole would be of no use in the treatment of infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Staphylcoccus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. 

Uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis - 500 mg 4 times/day for at least 7 days. 

Ophtalmia neonatorum by N. gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis is acquired during delivery. Contact lens wear predisposes to corneal infections, mostly by Pseudomonas sp. and the ameba Acan-thamoeba and Naegleria. Immunocompromised hosts are predisposed to severe retinitis by CMV and to other intra-ocular eye infections by opportunistic pathogens. 

A number of infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, such as trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and urethritis, can be treated with topical or systemic sulfonamides, although tetracycline or erythromycin is preferred. 

Acute salpingitis (pelvic inflammatory disease) due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Chlamydia trachomatis, or both is often complicated by superinfection with gramnegative bacilli and anaerobes. A combination of gentamicin, clindamycin, and doxycycline has been shown to be an effective treatment for this polymicrobial infection. 

Azithromycin, though less active against streptococci and staphylococci than erythromycin, is far more active against respiratory infections due to Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Except for its cost, it is now the preferred therapy for urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Its activity against Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex has not proven to be clinically important, except in AIDS patients with disseminated infections. 

A 26-year-old young man presents with the symptoms of gonorrhea. Since this condition is often associated with an infection due to Chlamydia trachomatis, which of the following quinolones would be the best choice in treating him ... 

Sexually transmitted infections are a common cause of PID. The main organisms are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 

Singh, S. R., Hulett, K., Pillai, S. R., Dennis, V. A., Oh, M. K., and Scissum-Gunn, K. (2006), Mucosal immunization with recombinant MOMP genetically linked with modified cholera toxin confers protection against Chlamydia trachomatis infection, Vaccine, 24,1213-1224. 

Birkelund, S., Lundemose, A. G., and Christiansen, G. (1990). The 75-kilodalton cytoplasmic Chlamydia trachomatis L2 polypeptide is a DnaK-like protein. Infect. Immun. 58, 2098-2104. 

Trachoma is caused by an organism called Chlamydia trachomatis. Through the discharge from an infected person s eyes, trachoma is passed on by contact with hands or skin, on clothing, or by flies that land on the face. 

Chlamydia trachomatis infections in infents and children are primary indications for the use of oral erythromycin. This antibiotic is as effective as the tetracyclines for chlamydial infections and is safer fc>r pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children imder 8 years of age. 

Battle TJ, Golden MR. Evaluation of laboratory testing methods for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the era of nucleic acid amplification. J Clin Microbiol 2001 39 2924-2927. 

In two randomized trials in pregnant women with cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection, women were randomized to oral amoxicillin 500 mg tds for 7 days or oral azithromycin 1 g in a single dose (42,43). The two drugs had similar efficacy. Adverse effects were common in both groups 40% of those who took azithromycin reported moderate to severe gastrointestinal adverse effects compared with 17% of those who took amoxicillin. 

Kacmar J, Cheh E, Montagno A, Peipert JF. A randomized trial of azithromycin versus amoxicillin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2001 9(4) 197-202. 

Jones RB, Van der Pol B, Martin DH, Shepard MK. Partial characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis isolates resistant to multiple antibiotics. J Infect Dis 1990 162(6) 1309-15. 

Chlamydia trachomatis is the primary cause of nongonococcal urethritis, followed by Ureaplasma urealyticum. Doxycycline is the tetracycline of choice for the treatment of nongonococcal urethritis because it has activity against both organisms. There are three tetracyclines that are primarily used for the treatment of infections tetracycline, doxycy-... 

Chernesky M, Jang D, Krepel J, Sellers J, Mahony J. Impact of reference standard sensitivity on accuracy of rapid antigen detection assays and a leukocyte esterase dipstick for diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in first-void urine specimens from men. J Clin Microbiol 1999 37 2777-80. 

Johnson RE, Newhall WJ, Papp JR, Knapp JS, Black CM, Gift TL, et al. Screening tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections—2002. MMWR Recomm Rep. 

Chernesky MA, Jang D, Lee H> Burczak JD> Hu H, Sellers J, et al. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in men and women by testing first-void urine by ligase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1994 32 2682-5. 

Groseclose SL, Zaidi AA, DeLisle SJ, Levine WC, St Louis ME. Estimated incidence and prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in the United States, 1996. Sex Transm Dis 1999 26 ... 

Hook EW III, Smith K, Mullen C, Stephens J, Rine-hardt L, Pate MS, et al. Diagnosis of genitourinary Chlamydia trachomatis infections by using the ligase chain reaction on patient-obtained vaginal swabs. 

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