Sexually transmitted infections

Senecio cannabifolius Lessing Huan Hun Cao (Groundsel) (whole plant) p-hydroxyacetophenone, arbutin.48 Treat heart disease, respiratory infection, sexually transmitted diseases. 

Indications Infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, skin infections, sexually transmitted diseases Category Antibiotic, macrolide Half-life 68 hours... 

For example, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is usually caused by a concurrent infection with both N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis (94). For these reasons many sexually transmitted diseases, including PID, are treated with mixtures of antibiotics to provide broad coverage for mixed, aerobic, and... 

More then a dozen representatives of the above ring systems were introduced into the human therapy. Actisomide (2) and trequinsin (3) are used as antiarrhytmic and antihypertensive agents, respectively. Sunepitron (4), a a 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, is under clinical trials for the treatment of anxiety and depression. Representatives of the third generation of antibacterial quinolone-3-carboxylic acids the blockbluster ofloxacin (5), its levorotatory enantiomer, levofloxacin (6), and rufloxacin (7) have gained wide acceptance for the treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts, skin, and soft tissues, as well as sexually transmitted diseases, and pazufloxacin (8) is under development. Praziquantel (9) is widely applied for the treatment of schistosomes- and cestode-caused infection in both veterinary and human therapies (Scheme 4). 

Trichomonas vaginalis is a ubiquitous sexually transmitted anaerobic flagellate causing vaginitis in women and prostate gland infection in men. 

The fluoroquinolones are used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. The fluoroquinolones are effective in the treatment of infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. They are primarily used in the treatment of susceptible microorganisms in lower respiratory infections, infections of the skin, urinary tract infections, and sexually transmitted diseases. Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin are available in ophthalmic forms for infections in the eyes. 

This drug is contraindicated in known cases of hypersensitivity to spectinomycin. In addition, the drug should not be given to infants. If another sexually transmitted disease is present with gonorrhea, additional anti-infectives may be needed to eradicate the infectious processes. Safe use during pregnancy (Category B) or lactation or in children has not been established. 

Exposure to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is also a concern for women who are sexually active. It is estimated that 15 million people in the United States become newly infected annually with an STD.5 Given that not all methods of contraception protect the user adequately against STDs, the provision of proper patient education by health care professionals regarding this risk is absolutely essential. 

TP, a 22 year-old woman, presents to your office for a routine gynecologic examination. She entered menarche at the age of 12. Her last menstrual period was 3 months ago. Her periods are often irregular and occur about every 2 to 3 months. She has had all normal Pap smears in the past and no history of sexually transmitted infections. She is currently in a monogamous relationship with a male partner. She has had a total of four sexual partners. She is not taking oral contraceptives and does not routinely use condoms. She has never been pregnant in the past, but she plans on starting a family in the near future. As you examine the patient, you note facial and chest acne, increased facial and abdominal hair, and obesity. 

Commonly used for sexually transmitted diseases (i.e., chlamydial infections) rather than UTIs. 

Generally, when treating a sexually transmitted infection (STI), the index patient should be provided with a sufficient quantity of medication for the partner to be treated, increasing the probability that the initial infection will be cured in both patients. 

Bowden F, Tabrizi S, Garland S, et al. Sexually transmitted infections new diagnostic approaches and treatments. Med J Aust 2002 176 551-557. 

Hepatitis B virus is a blood-borne or sexually transmitted virus. Most acute infections occur in adults, while chronic infections usually occur in individuals infected as infants or children. However, about 10% of adults who contract hepatitis B virus will fail to clear their infection and develop chronic hepatitis B infection. Individuals with chronic hepatitis B infection are at risk for cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B infection.6... 

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Inflammation of the endometrium, uterine tubes, and pelvic peritoneum. PID is often due to a sexually transmitted infection. 

Chap. 77 - Sexually Transmitted Infections Universal Program Number 014-999-07-092-H04... 

International travelers who plan to spend >6 months in countries with high rates of HBV infection and who will have close contact with the local population Recipients of clotting-factor concentrates Sexually transmitted disease clinic patients HIV patienVHIV - testi ng patients Drug-abuse treatment and prevention clinic patients Correctional facilities inmates Chronic dialysis/ESRD patients... 

HIV, human immunodeficiency virus STD, sexually transmitted disease TSS, toxic shock syndrome UTI, urinary tract infection. 

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