Industrial enzymes textile industry

The detergent industry is the largest user of industrial enzymes. The starch industry, the first significant user of enzymes, developed special symps that could not be made by means of conventional chemical hydrolysis. These were the first products made entirely by enzymatic processes. Materials such as textiles and leather can be produced in a more rational way when using enzyme technology. Eoodstuffs and components of animal feed can be produced by enzymatic processes that require less energy, less equipment, or fewer chemicals compared with traditional techniques. 

Biopract provides technological products and processes for industry, agriculture, and environment. They not only produce technical enzyme preparations but also develop enzymes for applications in agriculture, food, and textile industry as well as in environmental technologies. On the later, bioremediation has been an area of service delivery from Biopract. Their activities regards microbial preparations for the bioremediation of organic contaminants (mineral oil (MKW), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), volatile organic hydrocarbons (VOC), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)). 

Various industrial sectors related to textiles, paper, and photography use dyes of synthetic origin with a complex aromatic molecular structure, which are frequently discharged in industrial effluents. One solution to these environmental problems is to use oxidative enzymes that destroy colored compounds and that may be of practical interest for the decolorization of synthetic dyes. Enzymes such as LiPX and MnPX are involved in the decolorization of synthetic azo dyes, such as Acid Orange II. 

Bioremediation of food industry wastewater Bioremediation is a general concept that includes all those processes and actions that take place as an attempt to biotransform an environment, already altered by contaminants, to its original status. Laccase is a well-known enzyme in bioremediation because of its ability to degrade phenolic compounds (Morozova and others 2007). As mentioned for peroxidase, aromatic compounds, including phenols and aromatic amines, constitute one of the major classes of pollutants and are heavily regulated in many countries. This ability of laccases has been applied in different areas of both the food and textile industries, such as breweries and olive oil factories. 

Xylanolytic enzymes free of cellulases can be applied in the pulp and paper, textile, and food industries and in basic research. However, most microorganisms grown under natural conditions produce both xylanases and cellulases. Strategies to produce xylanolytic systems free of cellulases are elimination of cellulase activity by separation or inhibition, selection and construction of cellulase-negative strains, and finding conditions for separate production of xylanolytic systems by cellulolytic strains. 

Many applications of enzymes exist today in many, veiy different industries. In this chapter, first a short description is given of the various industries where enzymes are used as processing aids or processed into final products. Further in this chapter examples from the detergent, feed, textile and food industiy are worked out in detail, highlighting technical, commercial and social aspects to reckon with when developing and applying enzymes for these purposes. 

Wastewater and dying effluent generated by textile and other industries are generally discharged to the surrounding environment without any further treatment. These pollutants apart from adding color to water also cause toxicity to aquatic and other forms of life (Khan and Husain, 2007). Immobilized potato enzyme polyphenol oxidase (celite bound) has been reported to be... 

Enzymes. The most substantial advance in textile cleansing since the introduction of synthetic detergents has occurred through the introduction of low levels of enzymes into laundry detergent and presoak products. Both proteolytic and amylolylic enzymes are used by the industry to hydro yz.e protein and starch so that the smaller soil fragments are easier to remove. They are effective on stains with protein and carbohydrate substituents (such as body soils, many food stains, grass stains, blood, and many others). Enzymes are catalytic and specific and thus must be used at low levels in... 

Enzymatic desizing is one of the oldest nonfood applications of commercial amylases. Another type of enzyme, microbial cellulases, has developed within the textile industry as a tool for fabric finishing, in particular for denim garment finishing. Cellulases can achieve the fashionable worn look traditionally obtained by the abrasive action of pumice stones, ie, stone-washing. 

The application of enzymes in textile finishing becomes more and more important. Enzymes offer an ecologically benign alternative to common textile chemical processes, and totally new possibilities and chances to the textile finisher. Common applications of enzymes in the textile industry include improvement of softness, shine, and smoothness (biofinishing) creation of washout effects on blue denim through use of cellulases instead of pumice stones. 

Enzymes in the Textile Industry Stone-washed Denims, Shiny Cotton Surfaces... 

Build-up and Mode of Action of Enzymes for the Textile Industry... 

In the last few years, further applications for enzymatic processes in textile finishing were developed and - very importantly - the necessary suitable enzymes were found. Large-scale production of such enzymes led to price reductions, which in turn led to more applications, as enzymes were found to be efficacious in the textile industry. Another major reason why enzymatic processes are becoming more popular is the increasing importance of environmentally friendly technologies due to customers demands or restrictions by law. 

Common applications of enzymes in the textile industry include the following ... 

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