Indian chemical industry development

Jean-Claude Charpentier, Mass-Transfer Rates in Gas-Liquid Absorbers and Reactors Dee H. Barker and C. R. Mitra, The Indian Chemical Industry-lts Development and Needs Lawrence L. Tavlarides and Michael Stamatoudis, The Analysis of Interphase Reactions and Mass Transfer in Liquid-Liquid Dispersions... 

Mass-Transfer Rates in Gas-Liquid Absorbers and Reactors Jean-Claude Charpentier The Indian Chemical Industry— Its Development and Needs... 

Dee H. Barker and C. R. Mitra, The Indian Chemical Industry—Its Development and Needs... 

Another area under development is continuing education or collaborative education, also described later. Great effort is being expended to make the education fit the needs of the developing Indian chemical industry. 

Unlike China, India is still recovering from the traumatic events of the Bhopal disaster in 1984 in which over 2,500 people were killed and over 200,000 injured. Because of this perhaps, the Indian chemic industry is under constant observation and likely to be one of the most regulated. As in other developing countries, the regulatory enforcement is very poor and the law breakers are difficult to control. 

Planned efforts towards self-reliance provided the needed impetus for industrial development in general and for chemical industry in particular. Table 6 gives the chronology of events in the history of Indian Chemical Industry. 

The dichotomy in the development of offer and demand also has a direct impact on the development of the fine-chemical industry in a global context. Whereas Western companies have suffered from the reduced demand for custom manufacturing services, Asian companies have benefited from the generics boom. The opposite turnover development of selected Indian and European fine-chemical companies is depicted in Figure 10.1. 

The ancient history of Indian chemical technology mostly concerns the production of small amounts of material in many different places. However, in the case of iron, as shown above, the ability to cast larger objects was not exceeded elsewhere in the world. Exports in early times included salt, sugar, and some metal products. Under the British during the nineteenth century, both a development of and a decline in industrial chemistry took place. Only after the departure of the British did the chemical industry reaUy begin to flourish in India. 

Among the major governmental research centers, particular mention should be made of the following. The National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) at Poona is charged with the development of methods for the manufacture of a large number of chemicals, materials, and devices. Similarly, the Indian Institute of Petroleum at Dehra Dun, the Central Fuel Research Institute of Dhanbad, the Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute at Bhatnagar, and the region research laboratories at Hyderabad, Jorhat, and Jamma provide support for development of the chemical industry. The emphasis is on research based on the immediate needs of the country. 

The progress of several important parts of the chemical industry is outlined below under several general broad categories. This outline indicates the areas of rapid growth and documents the continuing development of Indian self-sufficiency. 

Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association (Bombay) Award for the Most Outstanding Example of Forward Development of Technology in Industrial Chemistry in India... 

---