INDEX vinyl ethers

Ethyl Vinyl Ether. The addition of ethanol to acetylene gives ethyl vinyl ether [104-92-2] (351—355). The vapor-phase reaction is generally mn at 1.38—2.07 MPa (13.6—20.4 atm) and temperatures of 160—180°C with alkaline catalysts such as potassium hydroxide and potassium ethoxide. High molecular weight polymers of ethyl vinyl ether are used for pressure-sensitive adhesives, viscosity-index improvers, coatings and films lower molecular weight polymers are plasticizers and resin modifiers. 

Poly(vinyl ethers) have extensive uses as nonmigrating tackifiers in adhesives and particularly pressure-sensitive tapes and labels, as viscosity-index improvers in lubricants and as plasticizers in coatings, films, and elastomers. They are available and used in dry state, solution or as blends with a wide variety of compatible polymers and copolymers. 

It is also interesting to examine the effect that the electron-releasing groups may have on the local electrophilicity pattern in ethylene 29. These systems have some importance in the IED processes. Consider for instance the electron-rich ethylenes 33 and 35. On the basis of the Fukui function alone, methyl vinyl ether 33 shows nucleophilic activation at the C2 carbon, fk = 0.470. Dimethylvinylamine 35, on the other hand, displays a similar local reactivity pattern, fk = 0.411. Note that on the basis of the to index, both compounds are predicted as marginally electrophilic. Both compounds 33 and 35 are... 

CONTENTS Introduction to the Series An Editor s Foreword, Albert Padwa. Preface, Dennis P. Curran. Steiic Course and Mechanism of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions, Rolf Huisgen. Nonstabilized Azomethine Ylides, Edwin Vedejs. Molecular Rearrangements Occurring from Products of Intramolecular 1,3 Dipolar Cycloadditions Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects, Arthur G. Schultz. Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrones with Vinyl Ethers and Silane Derivatives, Philip DeShong, Stephen N. Lander, Jr., Joseph M. LeginusandC. Michael Dickson. The Cycloaddition Approach to b-Hydroxy Carbonyls An Emerging Alternative to the Aldol Strategy, Dennis P. Curran. Index. 

Properties Gardner < 2 color low odor misc. with acrylates and vinyl ethers sp.gr. 1.37 vise. 67 cps surf. tens. 22 dynes/cm flash pt. (Pensky) 356 F ref. index 1.39 (23 C)... 

Features Fast cure speed low initiation energy high gloss good flexibility vs. hardness high solvency with vinyl ether oligomers Properties Gardner < 1 clear low-vise, liq. low odor sp.gr. 1.103 vise. 85 cps (22 C) flash pt. (Pensky) > 300 F ref. index 1.509 surf. tens. 

Vinyl Ether Refractive Index Specific Gravity Pounds per Gallon 25°C Typical Vinyl Ether Content... 

Tech, http //www.unitedchem.com Trade Name Synonyms D3795 [United Chem. Tech, http //www.unitedchem.com] Decyltridecyl phthalate Properties Sp.gr. 0.955 ref. index 1.4830 Uses Plasticizer for PVC, PS, cellulosics Decyl vinyl ether... 

Figure 2.36 shows that addition of this plasticizer to tetrafluoroethylene/peifluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether, TFE/PPVE, increases its melt flow index.Figure 2.37 shows that the addition of plasticizer causes almost hnear increase in the tensile strength. "" This is unusual and it is most likely caused by the modification of crystalhne structure and mode of failure. Addition of this plasticizer to polytetrafluoroethylene, FIFE, improves its mechanical performance and processing abilities by sintering. ""... 

Figure 2.36. Effect of fluoroplasticizer on melt flow index of tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether. [Data from Steward CH W, Spohn P D, US Patent 5,356,986, 1994.]...

A large number of patents (Table A.4) claim oil and lubricant additives prepared from alkyl vinyl ether-MA copolymers. Antistatic fuel additives are readily prepared from the materials.Long-chain esters (C > 10) of Gantrez AN show possible use as viscosity index improvers for lube oils. " The vinyl ether of hydrogenated sperm oil has also been copolymerized with MA to produce a very effective viscosity index improver. 

In the Chemical Index, there are also frostbite notations for liquid gases with risk for cryogenic burns, for example, from Methane or Methyl vinyl ether. The chemicals are noted as frostbite hazards in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS-NIOSH Publication No 2004-149, September 2005). 

Chem. Descrip. Polysiloxane sol n. in cyclohexanone Uses Defoamer tor org. systems incl. chlorinated rubber, vinyl resin, acrylic resin, alkyds, solvent-based coatings Properties Pale to It. yel. Iiq. ether-like odor sp.gr. 0.95 g/cc dens. 7.90 Ib/gal vapor pressure 4 mm Hg flash pt. (Seta) 43 C ref. index 1.450 0.7% NV... 

Table 12.1 lists the common chemical names for the dialkyl, alkyl-vinyl, and the cyclic ether solvents along with the CA index names (Chemical Abstract Index, American Chemical Society) and the CAS numbers (Chemical Abstract Service, American Chemical Society). The CAS numbers refer to the major ether component. Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for CAS numbers of any minor impurities in the solvent. Table 12.2 lists the common glyme names for the aliphatic diethers, their chemical names, CA index names, and CAS numbers. 

Uses Mar resist, aid, flow aid, leveling agent, surf. tens, reducer, wetting agent for solv.-based paints (PU, vinyl, alkyd-melamlne, acrylate-isocyanate), one-coat systems, anticorrosive paints, wood/fumiture varnishes, printing inks Properties Gardner 2 max. d. liq. sol. In aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and esters sp.gr. 0.9 1.01 dens. 8.3 Ib/gal vise. 70-130 mPa-s flash pt. > 100 C ref. index 1.414-1.418 surf. tens. 21 dynes/cm (20 C) 100% act. 

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