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INDEX reactor design

Nero, A. V. 1979. A Guidebook to Nuclear Reactors. Berkeley, CA University of California Press. The first part of this text provides a general introduction to nnclear power plants, including basic reactor design features, environmental interactions, and nnclear power plant emissions. Part 2 discusses commercial nuclear power plants. Uranium resources and other nuclear materials are discussed in Part 3. Part 4 looks into advanced reactor systems. Appendices include abbreviations and nnits, reactions, and the nnclear fuel cycle. A glossary and an index are included. [Pg.459]

In 1982, Wild and coworkers [17] reported the short-chain branching distribution of LDPE produced in each type of reactor design by utilizing the temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF)analytical technique. The autoclave LDPE sample had a 0.924 g/cc density and a 3.0 Melt Index. The tubular LDPE sample had a 0.921 g/cc density and a 2.2 Melt Index. Ihe branching distribution data from each sample is summarized in Figure 5.7. [Pg.253]

As discussed above, it was clear that ethylene/1-butene copolymers possessed significantly improved mechanical properties compared to ethylene homopolymer products, so that a commercial particle-form reactor design was needed that could provide polyethylene copolymers over a range of Flow Index values with sustained operability over extended periods of time without reactor shut down. Adding 1 -butene to the polymerization process made the autoclave stirred tank reactor even more difficult to operate, as reactor wall fouling problems persisted and in some cases polymer particle morphology was reduced due to some polymer components becoming soluble in the n-pentane. [Pg.262]

The effect of plant capacity on investment can be seen from Fig. 8.2-3. Costs of around 245 million DM, or only 817 DM/t on the 1997 basis, are required for plants equipped with maximum-stream-size reactors of 300,000 t/a. The data can be extrapolated to actual (1998) costs by means of the price index of 1.01 published in [1], These plants with large design capacities have significantly reduced specific investment costs. [Pg.454]

Small bubbles and flow uniformity are important for gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid multiphase reactors. A reactor internal was designed and installed in an external-loop airlift reactor (EL-ALR) to enhance bubble breakup and flow redistribution and improve reactor performance. Hydrodynamic parameters, including local gas holdup, bubble rise velocity, bubble Sauter diameter and liquid velocity were measured. A radial maldistribution index was introduced to describe radial non-uniformity in the hydrodynamic parameters. The influence of the internal on this index was studied. Experimental results show that The effect of the internal is to make the radial profiles of the gas holdup, bubble rise velocity and liquid velocity radially uniform. The bubble Sauter diameter decreases and the bubble size distribution is narrower. With increasing distance away from the internal, the radial profiles change back to be similar to those before contact with it. The internal improves the flow behavior up to a distance of 1.4 m. [Pg.81]

However, the circumferential wall heat transfer area increases as the aspect ratio increases. So, from a heat transfer, dynamic stability perspective, a large aspect ratio is desirable. Figure 2.8 shows the effect of aspect ratio on the various design and operating parameters for a design conversion of 80%. Increasing L/D increases heat transfer area, which decreases the required AT driving force and raises jacket temperature. The reactor stability index improves substantially. [Pg.42]

For these measurements a differential reactor is used which satisfies the same design requirements as the one described above for the cyclohexane test, i.e., for the measurement of a rate constant under well-defined conditions of reactant concentration. The apparatus used has been previously described (5). Cumene, at atmospheric pressure, is passed over a sample of about 20 to 100 mg. of catalyst at a rate of about 2 X 10 moles/sec. at 420°. The catalyst is spread on a flat glass tray of 2 X 5-cm. dimensions (design requirements for products escape and diffusion are less severe than in the case of the cyclohexane test above, since reaction rates are encoim-tered in this reaction from about 0.1 to 10 jumoles/sec./g.) The rate of gas production is used to index the reaction rate and is measured by a mano-metric method (see ref. 2). [Pg.578]

Ionic liquids are a new and remarkable class of designer solvents [9] with negligible vapor pressure for chemical syntheses because their properties such as solubility, density, refractive index, and viscosity can be tuned to suit specific requirements [10, 11], Water is a relatively more environmentally friendly alternative for organic synthesis, but its appHcation has been limited so far [6]. Supercritical carbon dioxide is yet another clean solvent but it generally requires a high-pressure reactor [12],... [Pg.54]

To evaluate the maximum seismic resistance in preliminary designed KALIMER reactor internal structures, the index of seismic capability(SC) is defined in this paper as follows ... [Pg.211]

Using above equation, the seismic capability of KALIMER is preliminary calculated as 0.354g. When the vertical stiffiiess of the support barrel/separation plate/reactor vessel liner region increases by the design change, this index value is expected to be significantly increased[8]. [Pg.212]

Reactivity Functional parameter of a nuclear reactor, which expresses an instantaneous balance of the neutron multiplication processes and represents an index of the tendency to the variation of the power generated in the core at a certain instant. If reactivity is zero, then the power stays constant if the reactivity is positive, the power increases and the contrary happens if the reactivity is negative. Release (of fission products) Dispersion of radioactive contamination outside one or more design barriers (s). [Pg.424]


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