Immunotherapy cancer

McLaughlin PM, Harmsen MC, Dokter WH, Kroesen BJ, van der MH, Brinker MG, Hollema H, Ruiters MH, Buys CH, de Leij LF. The epithelial glycoprotein 2 (EGP-2) promoter-driven epithelial-specific expression of EGP-2 in transgenic mice a new model to study carcinoma-directed immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2001 61 4105-11. 

McLaughlin PM, Kroesen BJ, Dokter WH, van der MH, de Groot M, Brinker MG, Kok K, Ruiters MH, Buys CH, De Leij LF. An EGP-2/Ep-CAM-expressing transgenic rat model to evaluate antibody-mediated immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1999 48 303-11. 

Machlenkin, A. Paz, A. Bar Haim, E. Goldberger, O. Finkel, E. Urosh, B. Volovitz, I. Vadai, E. Lugassy, G. Cytron, S. Lemonnier, F. Tzehoval, E. Eisenbach, L., Human ctl epitopes prostatic acid phosphatase-3 and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate-3 as candidates for prostate cancer immunotherapy, Cancer Res. 2005, 65, 6435-6442... 

Ugurel, S., D. Schrama, G. Keller, D. Schadendorf, E. B. Brocker, R. Houben, M. Zapatka, W. Fink, H. L. Kaufman, and J. C. Becker. 2008. Impact of the CCR5 gene polymorphism on the survival of metastatic melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 57 685. 

Park, J.W., Stagg, R., Lewis, G.D., Garter, P., Maneval, D., Slamon, D.J., Jaffe, H., and Shepard, H.M. (1992) Anti-pl85HER2 monoclonal antibodies biological properties and potential for immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Res 61, 193-211. 

Vis AN, Van der Gaast A, Van Rhijn BWG et al (2002) A phase II trial of methotrexate-human serum albumin (MTX-HSA) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who progressed under immunotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 49 342-345. doi 10.1007/... 

KirkCJ, Hartigan-O Connor D, NickoloffBJ, et al. T cell-dependentantitumorimmunity mediated by secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine augmentation of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2001 61 2062-2070. 

The modality of treatment for skin cancer depends on the size, location, and stage of the tumor the age of the patient and the type of skin cancer. Treatment options for skin cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. 

Ishida T, Iida S, Akatsuka Y, et al. The CC chemokine receptor 4 as a novel specific molecular target for immunotherapy in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2004 10 7529-7539. 

Since the late 1940s, when Farber treated leukemia with methotrexate, cancer therapy with cytotoxic drugs made enormous progress. Chemotherapy is usually integrated with other treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, and it is clear that postsurgery, it is effective with solid tumors. This is due to the fact that only systemic therapy can attack micrometastases. 

P. Niederhafner, M. Reims, J. Sebestik, and J. Jezek, Glycopeptide dendrimers, Part III—A review Use of glycopeptide dendrimers in immunotherapy and diagnosis of cancer and viral diseases, J. Pept. Sci., 14 (2008) 556-587. 

Koganty, R.R., Reddish, M.A., and Fongenecker, B.M. (1996) Glycopeptide- and carbohydrate-based synthetic vaccines for the immunotherapy of cancer. Drug Disco. Today, 1, 190-198. 

The most widely studied therapeutic proteins produced in plants include monoclonal antibodies for passive immunotherapy and antigens for use as oral vaccines [40]. Antibodies against dental caries, rheumatoid arthritis, cholera, E. coli diarrhea, malaria, certain cancers, Norwalk virus, HIV, rhinovirus, influenza, hepatitis B virus and herpes simplex virus have been produced in transgenic plants. However, the anti-Streptococcus mutans secretory antibody for the prevention of dental caries is the only plant-derived antibody currently in Phase II clinical trials [40]. Until recently, most antibodies were expressed in tobacco, potato, alfalfa, soybean, rice and wheat [9], It has been estimated that for every 170 tons of harvested tobacco, 100 tons represents harvested leaves. A single hectare could thus yield 50 kg of secretory IgA [3, 41]. Furthermore, it has been estimated that the cost of antibody production in plants is half that in transgenic animals and 20 times lower than in mammalian cell cul-... 

Kirkwood, J. 2002. Cancer immunotherapy the interferon-alpha experience. Seminars in Oncology 29(3), 18-... 

Whatever the exact nature of tumour escape, it has been demonstrated, both in vitro and in vivo, that immunostimulation can lead to enhanced tumour detection and destruction. Several approaches to cancer immunotherapy have thus been formulated, many involving application of IL-2 as the primary immunostimulant. 

Fehniger, T.A., Cooper, M.A., and Caligiuri, M.A. 2002. Interleukin-2 and interleukin-15 immunotherapy for cancer. Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews 13(2), 169-183. 

In contrast to the above situation, cancers induced by viruses generally exhibit immunological cross-reactivity. Any specific virus will often induce expression of the same tumour antigen no matter what cell type it transforms. Moreover, in some cases, different transforming viruses can induce production of the same tumour antigen(s). Immunodetection/immunotherapy of such cancers is thus rendered attractive. Once a tumour antigen is identified, antibodies raised against it will likely cross-react with several other tumour types. 

Stern, P. 2000. Cancer vaccines and immunotherapy. Cambridge University Press. Subramanian, G. (ed.). 2004. Antibodies. Kluwer. 

Jaffe, H.S. and Herberman, R.B., Rationale for recombinant human interferon-gamma adjuvant immunotherapy for cancer, J Natl. Cancer Inst., 80, 616, 1988. 

Ota, K. et al., Immunotherapy with bestatin for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults., Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 23, 5, 1986. 

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