Immunological enhancement

Those derivatives (A) with S in place of O, alkyl or allyl derivatives at the methylene group, the ester or amide derivatives, etc. in 2-carboxyethyIgermanium sesquioxide have also been synthesized [67-103], and the properties such as anticancer [67,74,76,85,86-94], immunological enhancement [83], the activator of osteoblast [89,90], morphine-like anodyne [71,75,79,80,97], etc. [72,86,88,100], have been found. 

Luminol-based chemiluminescence methods have also been employed for detection of analytes in flowing stream analytical techniques such capillary electrophoresis (282), flow injection analyses, and hplc (267). AppHcations of the enhanced luminol methodology to replace radioassay methods have been developed for a number of immunological labeling techniques (121,283). 

Bacteria produce chromosomady and R-plasmid (resistance factor) mediated P-lactamases. The plasmid-mediated enzymes can cross interspecific and intergeneric boundaries. This transfer of resistance via plasmid transfer between strains and even species has enhanced the problems of P-lactam antibiotic resistance. Many species previously controded by P-lactam antibiotics are now resistant. The chromosomal P-lactamases are species specific, but can be broadly classified by substrate profile, sensitivity to inhibitors, analytical isoelectric focusing, immunological studies, and molecular weight deterrnination. Individual enzymes may inactivate primarily penicillins, cephalosporins, or both, and the substrate specificity predeterrnines the antibiotic resistance of the producing strain. Some P-lactamases are produced only in the presence of the P-lactam antibiotic (inducible) and others are produced continuously (constitutive). 

Wilkinson, P.C. (1986). The locomotor capacity of human lymphocytes and its enhancement by cell growth. Immunology 57, 281-289. 

The same polymer was later shown to possess striking immunoadjuvant features [403,664-670], i.e. to be able to enhance the immunologic response of the body to the stimulus of an antigen. 

Briles DE, Kunz-Schughart LA, Talke Y, Mack M Basophils enhance immunological memory res- 36 ponses. Nat Immunol 2008 9 733-742. 

All the jellyfish venoms are toxic but also stimulate the cell mediated and humoral immunological systems of man. After injection of large doses of jellyfish venom into human skin, a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration appears within the dermis. This infiltration is composed predominantly of helper inducer cells which produce suppressor activity. It appears that the NK enhancement of human leukocytes in patients envenomated by Chrysaora quinquecirrha is depressed when the clinical lesion is inflammatory (10). Recovery from this suppression follows the amelioration of the acute cutaneous reaction. In other instances, envenomated patients have abnormal macrophage migration tests (11). 

Immunological products comprise a group of pharmaceutical preparations with diverse origins but with a common pharmacological purpose the enhancement of a recipienf s immune status in a manner that provides immunity to infectious disease. The immunological products that are generally available today are of three types vaccines, immunosera and human immunoglobulins. 

Hiiltner, L., Moeller, J., Schmitt, E., Jager, G., Reisbach, G., Ring, J. and Dormer, P. (1989) Thiol-sensitive mast cell lines derived from mouse bone marrow respond to a mast cell growth-enhancing activity different from both IL-3 and ILA. Journal of Immunology 142, 3440-3446. 

Karpus, W.J., Lukas, N.W., Kennedy, K.J., Smith, W.S., Hurst, S.D. and Barrett, T.A. (1997) Differential C-C chemokine-induced enhancement of T helper cell cytokine production. Journal of Immunology 158, 4129-4136. 

Inamura, N., Mekori, Y.A., Bhattacharyya, S.P., Bianchine, P.J. and Metcalfe, D.D. (1998) Induction and enhancement of FcERI-dependent mast cell degranulation following coculture with activated T cells dependency on ICAM-1- and leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-l-mediated heterotypic aggregation. Journal of Immunology 160, 4026-4033. 

Shen H, Ackerman AL, Cody V et al (2006) Enhanced and prolonged cross-presentation following endosomal escape of exogenous antigens encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles. Immunology 117 78-88... 

Lucigenin is often used to facilitate the measurement of reactive oxygen species in immunological studies, because it enhances the cellular CL intensity [37], Both luminol and lucigenin can be used to measure reactive oxygen how-... 

Vanrooijen, N. and R. Vannieuwmegen, Endotoxin Enhanced Adjuvant Effect of Liposomes, Particularly When Antigen and Endotoxin Are Incorporated within the Same Liposome, Immunological Communications. 9, 747, 1980. 

Shek, P.N., B.Y.K. Yung, N.Z. Stanacev, Comparison between Multilamellar and Unilamellar Liposomes in Enhancing Antibody Formation, Immunology. 49, 37,1983. 

Prickett, J.D., Robinson, D.R., and Bloch, K.J., Enhanced production of IgE and IgG antibodies associated with a diet enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid, Immunology, 46, 819,1982. 

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