Hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymers

D Biren, BG Kabra, SH Gehrke. Effect of initial sample anisotropy on the solvent sorption kinetics of glassy poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Polymer 33 554-561, 1992. 

Oral E, Peppas NA. Hydrophilic molecularly imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl-methacrylate) polymers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006 78 205 -210. 

The hydrogenation reaction is also sensitive to the structure of the alcohol comonomer, with the primary alcohols of the hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymer interacting with the catalyst to give results more closely resembling those found when ethanol is used as the solvent. Similar results were found with DIOP-type ligands (Figure 4). 

A dual-analyte fiber optic biosensor for O2 and glucose was developed by Li and Walt [22] based on O2 quenching of a phosphorescent ruthenium dye. Excitation was at X = 480 nm, with fluorescent emission captured by a CCD camera. A relatively large (350 (U,m diameter) imaging fiber with 6000 elements was modified by attaching two separate drops of ruthenium dye encapsulated in poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) polymer (HEMA). The ruthenium dye allowed measurements of O2 in both encapsulated drops, which were approximately 50 ixm in diameter. A two-site Stern-Volmer quenching model (equation (4.32) with n — 2) was used to determine O2 concentration from measurements of fluorescence intensity. One of the drops had the enzyme glucose oxidase (EC... 

Yoshida M, Kumakura M, Kaetsu I (1979) Immobilization of enzymes by radiation-induced polymerization of glass-forming monomers 1. Immobilization of some enzymes by poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Polymer 20 3-8... 

P. Hajji, L. David, J.E. Gerard, J.P. Pascault, G.J. Vigier, Journal of Polymer Science Part B Synthesis, structure, and morphology of polymer—silica hybrid nanocomposites based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Polymer Physics 37 (1999) 3172. 

Longenecker, R., Mu, T., Hanna, M., Burke, N. A. D. and Stoer, H. D. H. (2011) Thermally responsive 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymers Soluble-insoluble and soluble-insoluble-soluble transitions. Macromolecules, 44,8962-8971, doi /10.1021/ma201528r. 

Perera, D.I. and Shanks, R.A. (1995) Network characteristics of homopolymer and some copolymers of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Polymer International, 37, 133-139. 

Hajji, P., David, L, Gerard, J.F., Pascault, JJ., and Vigier, G. (1999) Synthesis, structure, and morphology of polymer-silica hybrid nanocomposites based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate. /. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys., 37 (22), 3172-3187. 

Functional Group Methacrylate Monomers. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate and dimeth-ylaminoethyl methacrylate produce polymers having the following formulas ... 

Polymeric Calcium Phosphate Cements. Aqueous solutions of polymers such as poly(acryHc acid), poly(vinyl alcohol), gelatin, etc, and/or autopolymerizable monomer systems, eg, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycerol dimethacrylate, calcium dimethacrylate, etc, have been used as Hquid vehicles (41,42,76) for the self-setting calcium phosphate cement derived from tetracalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate [7757-93-9J. 

Even the earliest reports discuss the use of components such as polymer syrups bearing carboxylic acid functionality as a minor component to improve adhesion [21]. Later, methacrylic acid was specifically added to adhesive compositions to increase the rate of cure [22]. Maleic acid (or dibasic acids capable of cyclic tautomerism) have also been reported to increase both cure rate and bond strength [23]. Maleic acid has also been reported to improve adhesion to polymeric substrates such as Nylon and epoxies [24]. Adducts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and various anhydrides (such as phthalic) have also been reported as acid-bearing monomers [25]. Organic acids have a specific role in the cure of some blocked organoboranes, as will be discussed later. 

Hydroxy-containing polymers such as poly(methyl-methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [65,66] or secondary cellulose acetate [67,68] were used for this purpose. Vanadium (V) 8-hydroxy quinoline-hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate adduct, prepared by condensation of the latter with a VOQ2OH complex, is polymerized to... 

Dielectric relaxation measurements of polyethylene grafted with acrylic acid(AA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and their binary mixture were carried out in a trial to explore the molecular dynamics of the grafted samples [125]. Such measurements provide information about their molecular packing and interaction. It was possible to predict that the binary mixture used yields a random copolymer PE—g—P(AA/HEMA), which is greatly enriched with HEMA. This method of characterization is very interesting and is going to be developed in different polymer/monomer systems. 

The GGM-rich hemicelluloses, isolated from water-impregnated spruce chips by heat-fractionation [218], has been used as pre-polymers after modification with methacrylic functions [439]. Radical polymerization of the modified hemicelullose with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in water yielded elastic, soft, transparent, and easily swollen hydrogels. 

Hoffman and his coworkers have done a lot of work on the apphcation of radiation-induced graft polymerization for medical apphcation. The hydrophilic polymers that have been used for radiation-induced grafting are Al-vinyl pyrohdone (NVP), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), acrylamide (AAm), acrylic acid (AAc), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and ethyl methacrylate (EMA) onto sihcone rubber were widely smdied. 

Implants in the rabbit corneas exhibited no observable inflammatory characteristics over a period of 6 weeks. Compared to other previously tested polymers, the inertness of these polyanhydrides rivals that of the biocompatible poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Histological examination of the removed corneas also revealed the absence of inflammatory cells (21)... 

Davis, P. A. Nicolais, L., Ambrosio, L., and Huang, S. J., Synthesis and characterization of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly(capro-lactone), Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 56, 536-540, 1987. 

Terminal-functionalized polymers such as macromonomers and telechelics are very important as prepolymer for construction of functional materials. Single-step functionalization of polymer terminal was achieved via lipase catalysis. Alcohols could initiate the ring-opening polymerizahon of lactones by lipase catalyst. The lipase CA-catalyzed polymerizahon of DDL in the presence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate gave the methacryl-type polyester macromonomer, in which 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate acted as initiator to introduce the methacryloyl group quanhtatively at the polymer terminal ( inihator method ).This methodology was expanded to the synthesis of oo-alkenyl- and alkynyl-type macromonomers by using 5-hexen-l-ol and 5-hexyn-l-ol as initiator, respechvely. 

K Ishihara, M Kobayashi, I Shinohara. Insulin permeation through amphiphilic polymer membranes having 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate moiety. Polymer 16 647-651, 1984. 

Simple physical entanglements can be sufficient to produce a structurally stable gel if the polymer has a sufficiently great molecular weight and if the polymer is of only modest hydrophilicity. In this case, the polymer will swell in water without dissolving, even in the absence of covalent cross-links. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) is a prominent example of this type of hydrogel when uncross-linked, it will dissolve in 1,2-propanediol but only swell in water. 

SH Gehrke, D Biren, JJ Hopkins. Evidence for Fickian water transport in initially glassy poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 6 375-390,... 

BD Barr-Howell, NA Peppas. Structural analysis of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) microparticles. Eur Polym J 23 591-596, 1987. 

The effect of hydrophobicity of the polymer on the permeability of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-co-methacrylic acid (MAAc) hydrogels was studied [12], The hydrophobicity was controlled by copolymerization with butyl methacrylate (BMA). The dependence of permeability on pH increased as the hydrophobicity increased even though the rate of diffusion decreased. Cross-link density of the hydrogel also contributed to pH-dependent permeability. 

Figure 14 The reversibilities of insulin permeation through polymer membranes in a two-compartment diffusion cell AH20 ( ), AS 15 (A), AS20 ( ), H ( ). Numbers indicate the content of styrene or HEMA in feed compositions in moles. H represents a cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (HEMA). (From Ref. 34.)... 

The first soft contact lenses were also constructed with a polymeric material containing a single monomeric unit. The added pliability of the soft lens was derived from the more hydrophilic nature of the monomer, enhancing the ability of the polymer to absorb water and provide greater comfort to the lens wearer. This monomer is a derivative of MMA known as hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). A number of hydrophilic monomers are used in soft lenses today these materials are referred to as hydrogels because of their ability to absorb significant amounts of water yet remain insoluble. 

Polymeric conducting systems were also prepared by in situ polymerization of vinyl monomers in ionic liquids [22], with a conductivity of 1 mS/cm. A conductive polymer electrolytes were also prepared by polymerization in liquid EMIm(HF)nF leading to a composite poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-EMIm(HF)nF. Recently, polymer electrolytes were prepared in the form of thin foils, by incorporating ionic liquids in a polymer matrix [13-15], Conductivities of polymer-IL or polymer-IL-solvent systems are collected in Table 4. 

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