Hyaluronic acid matrices

Park S.N., Kim J.K., and Suh H. 2004. Evaluation of antibiotic-loaded collagen-hyaluronic acid matrix as a skin substitute. Biomaterials 25 3689-3698. 

Park, S.-N., Lee, H.J., Lee, K.H., Suh, H., 2003. Biological characterization of EDC-crosslinked collagen—hyaluronic acid matrix in dermal tissue restoration. Biomaterials... 

M.T. Cerqueira, L.R da Silva, T.C. Santos, R.R Pirraco, V.M. Correlo, A.R Marques, R.L. Reis, Human skin cell fractions fail to self-organize within a gellan gum/hyaluronic Acid matrix but positively influence early wound healing. Tissue Eng. Part A., 20 1369-1378, 2014. 

Hyaluronic acid is a linear polysaccharide found in the highest concentrations in soft connective tissues where it fills an important structural role in the organization of the extracellular matrix (23,24). It has been used in ophthalmic preparations to enhance ocular absorption of timolol, a beta blocker used for the treatment of glaucoma (25), and in a viscoelastic tear formulation for conjunctivitis (26). The covalent binding of adriamycin and daunomycin to sodium hy-aluronate to produce water-soluble conjugates was recently reported (27). 

ECM, extracellular matrix HA, hyaluronic acid CS, chondroitin sulfate KS I, keratan sulfate I DS, dermatan sulfate HS, heparan sulfate. 

CD44 Known to be z leucocyte adhesion molecule also known as hyaluronic acid cell adhesion molecule (H-CAM), Hermes antigen, extracellular matrix receptor III (ECMIII) present on polymorphonuclear leucocytes CI)45 Known to be z pan leucocyte marker... 

PMNs also produce oxygen-derived free radicals when exposed in vitro to chrysotile or crocidolite. The highly reactive superoxides could injure other cells or attack extracellular matrix molecules. Hyaluronic acid (part of the mucopolysaccharide molecule) is a particularly vulnerable matrix species, but the specific reaction mechanisms have not been elucidated. 

Mast, B.A. et al., Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the matrix of fetal rabbit skin and wounds implications for healing by regeneration, Matrix, 11,63, 1991. 

Huey, G., Moiin, A., and Stem, R., Deposition of hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts is modulated by culture conditions, Matrix Biol., 10, 75, 1990. 

Since protein complex formation and Ca2+ are critical to cell fixation within a tissue, dissociation media usually contain some type of proteolytic enzyme and the Ca2+ chelator, EDTA. The proteolytic enzyme can be of general specificity, such as trypsin, or can be a more targeted enzyme, such as a collagenase selective for the collagen-type characteristic of the tissue of interest. Hyaluronidase has been also used with matrix rich in hyaluronic acid, such as for isolation of duodenal entero-cytes. In all cases, the appropriate incubation times and concentrations to achieve cell dispersal, but retain high viability, need to be determined empirically. One factor... 

Hyaluronic acid is found in most connective tissues including human vitreous, skin, synovial fluid and umbilical cord. One of its biological roles is its ability to contain large amounts of water in intercellular space. It can thus locate cells in a jelly-like matrix and resistance of tissue towards infection may partly depend on this property. The intercellular matrix has a viscoelastic nature [75-77] and is thought to have a role in absorbing shock. Hyaluronic acid can exist in the form of aggregates [81,82] or a network structure [78-80], Such a network offers a filter or macromolecular sieve-like resistance to other molecules as well as cells [83,84],... 

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