Hussain studies

Male mice exposed to 7.3 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks had significantly decreased spleen weights and decreased neutrophil counts (Hoechst 1984b), indicating that immune activity in mice may also be affected. An intermediate-duration oral MRL of 0.005 mg/kg/day was derived based on the NOAEL of 0.45 mg/kg/day for immunotoxicity identified in the Banerjee and Hussain (1986) study. In support of these positive findings, Khurana et al. (1998) observed decreased macrophage functionality, in the absence of any other apparent toxicological effects, in 1-day-old broiler chicks fed 30 ppm endosulfan in the diet for 4 or 8 weeks. 

Immunotoxicity. Limited information is available regarding the effects of endosulfan on the human immune system. However, specially designed studies using rats indicate that both humoral and cellular immune responses are depressed by ingested endosulfan at doses that do not induce any overt signs of toxicity (Banerjee and Hussain 1986,1987). In vitro studies support the possibility that endosulfan affects immune system function (Das et al. 1988). These results demonstrate that immunotoxicity may be a more sensitive end point of endosulfan-induced toxicity than other end points, and humans may be at risk for adverse immune effects following exposure to endosulfan. An intermediate-duration oral MRL was derived based on the observation of depressed immune responses (Banerjee and Hussain 1987). 

Tablet Formulations (Controlled Release). In this domain, the first studies were carried out in the early 1990s by Hussain and coworkers at the University...

Roomi, M.W., A.H. Shah, M. Anwarullah, and M. Hussain. 1990. Studies on the control of subterranean termites by inorganic pesticides. Anz. Schadling. Pflanz. Umwelt. 63 50-52. 

In a recent abstract, Hussain et al presented evidence that exposure of rats to ozone at 0.8 ppm for up to a week resulted in an increased rate of collagen thesis. Such a finding might be relevant to ozone-induced fibrosis. Obviously, further study of the biochemical effects of ozone on lung collagen and elastin are in order, particularly in conjunction with chronic-exposure experiments. 

Janardhanan, K. K., and Hussain, A. (1983). Studies on isolation, purification and identification of tenuazonic acid, a phytotoxin produced by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler causing leaf blight of Datura innoxia Mill. Mycopathologia 83,135-140. 

The toxicokinetics of coumarin have been studied in a number of species including rats (intraperitoneal, intravenous, oral and topical administration) (Hardt Ritschel, 1983 Ritschel Hussain, 1988), dogs (intravenous and oral) (Ritschel Grummich, 1981), gerbils (intraperitoneal) (Ritschel Hardt, 1983) and rhesus monkeys (intravenous and oral) (Ritschel et al, 1988). Generally, the half-life for the elimination of coumarin is similar in all species examined, being around 1-4 h (Lake, 1999). In rats, the toxicokinetics of coumarin are non-linear at intraperitoneal doses greater than 10 mg/kg bw (Hardt Ritschel, 1983). 

For studies of reactivity in this reaction, see Thomm Wayman Can. J. Chem. 1969,47, 3289 Higuchi Hussain Pitman J. Chem. Soc. B 1969, 626. 

Badr, FM. Hussain. F. (1977) Action of ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde in human lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro study. Genetics, 86, S2-S3... 

Hussain M, Vaishampayan U, Heilbrun LK, Jain V, LoRusso PM, Ivy P, Flaherty L (2003) A Phase II Study of Rebeccamycin Analog (NSC-655649) in Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer. Invest New Drugs 21 465... 

Hussain (1978) discovered that 2-acetoxybenzoic acid formed a stable complex with nicotinamide or isonicotinamide. The complexes offer superior results over 2-acetoxybenzoic acid in pharmacokinetic studies. They permit 2-acetoxybenzoic acid to be released in a highly soluble and dissociated form, thus permitting extremely high blood levels to be obtained and yet, the complexing agent remains as a nontoxic moiety, which is metabolized into nontoxic byproducts. 

M. Hussain. 2000. Phase II study of dolas-tatin-10 in patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 6 4205-4208. 

However, some of the studies were limited by using 2,3,7,8-TCDD concentrations in excess of its solubility in water. Only two early studies reported positive results (Hussain et al. 1972 Seiler 1973). However, the results were limited by failure to demonstrate a dose-response relationship and by low bacterial survival rates. In addition, 2,3,7,8-TCDD exposure induced reverse mutations in Escherichia coli (Hussain et al. 1972) and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Bronzetti et al. 1983). The conflicting data obtained in the above studies may result from technical difficulties in testing 2,3,7,8-TCDD rather than from a lack of biological activity. Testing difficulties arise from an extreme insolubility of this compound and a high toxicity observed in some test systems, which would be anticipated to result in a very narrow window for effective genotoxic doses. 

Badawy SF, Gray DB, Hussain MA. 2006. A study of the effect of wet granulation on microcrystalline cellulose particle structure and performance. Pharm. Res. 23(3) 634-640. 

N. J. Greenfeld, M. Hussain and J. Lenard (1987). Effect of growth state and amines on cytoplasm and vacuolar pH, phosphate and polyphosphate levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae a 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 926, 205-214. 

Yu, L., Carlin, A., Amidon, G., and Hussain, A., Feasibility studies of utilizing disk intrinsic dissolution rate to classify drugs, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 270, No. 1-2, 2004, pp. 221-227. 

Dean B, Hussain T, Hayes W, Scarr E, Kitsoulis S, et al. 1999a. Changes in serotonin2A and GABA(A) receptors in schizophrenia Studies on the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. J Neurochem 72 1593-1599. 

Yang, T., Hussain, A., Paulson, J., Abbruscato, T. J., and Ahsan, F. (2004), Cyclodextrins in nasal delivery of low-molecular-weight heparins In vivo and in vitro studies, Pharm. Res., 21,1127-1136. 

Ahmad VU, Ullah F, Hussain J, Farooq U, Zubair M (2004) Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Rhododendron collettianum and Their Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies. Chem Pharm Bull 52 1458... 

From isotopic studies it was concluded that N2O had a precursor in which the nitrogen atoms were effectively equivalent in reactions of pH 7, but nonequivalent at pH 1. Hussain et in similar studies find equivalence to... 

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