Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and

Platt EJ, Kuhmann SE, Rose PP, Rabat D. Adaptive mutations in the V3 loop of gpl20 enhance fusogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and enable use of a CCR5 coreceptor that lacks the amino-terminal sulfated region. J Virol 2001 75(24) 12266-12278. 

Stantchev TS, Broder CC. Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and chemo-kines beyond competition for common cellular receptors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2001 12(2-3) 219-243. 

Richman DD, Rosenthal AS, Skoog M, Echner RJ, Chou T-C, Sabo JP, et al. BIRG-587 is active against zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and synergistic with zidovudine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991 35 305-308. 

Johnson VA, Walker BD, Barlow MA, Paradis TJ, Chou T-C, Hirsch MS. Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 replication in vitro by castanospermine and 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989 33 53-57. 

P. J. Swart, M. E. Kuipers, C. Smit, R. Pauwels, M. de Bethune, E. De Clercq, H. Huisman, and D. K. F. Meijer, Antiviral effects of milk proteins Acylation results in polyanionic compounds with potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 in vitro, AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 72 769-775 (1996). 

The retroviruses associated with AIDS (autoimmune deficiency syndrome), namely, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1, -2), display considerable genome sequence variability not only between isolates from different individuals but also between isolates from the same... 

Soroka, S. D., Granade, T. C., Phillips, S., and Parekh, B. (2003). The use of simple, rapid tests to detect antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 in pooled serum specimens. Journal of Clinical Virology, 27, 90-96. 

Giachetti C, Linnen JM, Kolk DP, Dockter J, GiUotte-Taylor K, Park M, et al. Highly sensitive multiplex assay for detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus RNA. J Clin Microbiol 2002 40 2408-19. 

Herschhorn, A., Lerman, L., Weitman, M., Gleenberg, 1. O., Nudelman, A., Hizi, A. De novo parallel design, synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors against the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and drug resistant variants. J. Med. Chem. 2007, 50, 2370-2384. 

Dedera, D., Hu, W., Vander Heyden, N., et al. (1989). Viral protein R of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 is dispensable for replication and cytopathogenicity in lymphoid cells. J. Virol, 63, 3205-3208. 

Hizi, A. Tal, R. Shaharabary, M. Currens, M.J. Boyd, M.R. Hughes, S.H. McMahon, J.B. Specific Inhibition of The Reverse Transcriptase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and The Chimeric Enzymes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and 2 by Non- nucleoside Inhibitors. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1993,57, 1037-1042. 

Figure 10. Three isoforms of cyclophiliii A associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and proposed model for the localization of each cyclophilin. A. Cellular CyPAs (CyPA6.4o, CyPAe.ss, and CyPAggg) are incorporated into progeny viruses via HIV-1 Gag precursor. Although the mechanisms that permit the redistribution of CyPA on the viral surface are not yet clarified, CyPA itself may have the characteristic of membrane penetrability.

Meddows-Taylor S, Martin DJ, Tiemessen CT. Dysregulated production of interleukin-8 in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Inunun 1999 67 1251-1260. 

Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Derudas M, Saba E, Grivel JC, Brichacek B, Scrimieri F, Schinazi R, Schols D, McGuigan C et al (2010) A new class of dual-targeted antivirals monophosphorylated acyclovir prodrug derivatives suppress both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. J Infect Dis 201 635-643... 

Clapham, P. R., Blanc, D., and Weiss, R. A. (1991) Specific cell surface requirements for the infection of CD4-positive cells by human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and by simian immunodeficiency virus. Virology 181, 703-715. 

Cheng-Mayer, C., Liu, R., Landau, N. R., and Stamatatos, L. (1997) Macrophage tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and utilization of the CC-CKR5 coreceptor. J. Virol. 71, 1657-1661. 

Valentin, A., Albert, J., Fenyo, E. M., and Asjo, B. (1994) Dual tropism for macrophages and lymphocytes is a common feature of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 isolates. J. Virol. 68, 6684-6689. 

Hill, C. M., Deng, H., Unutmaz, D., Kewalramani, V. N., Bastiani, L., Gorny, M. K., Zolla-Pazner, S., and Littman, D. R. (1997) Envelope glycoproteins from human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus can use human CCR5 as a coreceptor for viral entry and make direct CD4-dependent interactions with this chemokine receptor. J. Virol. 71, 6296-6304. 

Coates J AV, Cammack N, jenkinson HJ, Jowett Ml, Peaison BA, Penn CR, Rouse PL, Vinet KC, Cameron JM, (-l-Z -DeoxyO -thiacytidine is a potent, highly selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 and Type 2 replication in intro. Amimictob Agents Chemother 1992 36 733-739. 

Ito M, Baba M, Hirabayashi K, Matsumoto T, Suzuki M, Suzuki S, et al. In vitro activity of mannan sulfate, a novel sulfated polysaccharide, against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other enveloped viruses. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1989 8 171-3. 

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