High-performance liquid determination

DiNunzio, J. E. Determination of Gaffeine in Beverages by High Performance Liquid Ghromatography, /. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 446-447. 

Typically, quantitative protein determination is done on the one hand by colorimetric or nephelometric methods, on the other hand for more difficult analytical problems by more sophisticated techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel-electrophoresis and immunoassay. However, these methods are tedious, time-consuming and expensive. 

For selective estimation of phenols pollution of environment such chromatographic methods as gas chromatography with flame-ionization detector (ISO method 8165) and high performance liquid chromatography with UV-detector (EPA method 625) is recommended. For determination of phenol, cresols, chlorophenols in environmental samples application of HPLC with amperometric detector is perspective. Phenols and chlorophenols can be easy oxidized and determined with high sensitivity on carbon-glass electrode. 

DETERMINATION OF SODIUM ACYLISETHIONATE IN THE COMBI SOAP BY REVERSED - PHASE HIGH - PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY... 

The Determination of 6 Specific Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Waters [Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,Thin-layer Chromatography], 1985... 

Figure 5.2 Schematic representation of the final column-switching system (a) foi ward-flush position (b) back-flush position (further details are given in the text). Reprinted from Journal of Chromatography, A 828, A. K. Sakhi et al. Quantitative determination of endogenous retinoids in mouse embiyos by high-performance liquid cliromatography with on-line solid-phase exti action, column switcliing and electi ochemical detection , pp. 451 -460, copyright 1998, with permission from Elsevier Science.

Figure 5.3 Analysis of 100 ml of (a) surface water and (b) drinking water sample spiked with 0.1 pig/ml of microcystins, using column-switching HPLC 1, microcystin-RR 2, microcystin-YR 3, microcystin-LR. Reprinted from Journal of Chromatography A, 848, H. S. Lee et al, On-line trace enrichment for the simultaneous determination of microcystins in aqueous samples using high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection , pp 179-184, copyright 1999, with permission from Elsevier Science.

M. Cavalleri, W. Pollini and L. Colombo, Determination of ramoplanin in human urine by high performance liquid cliromatography with automated column switching ,... 

L. Liu, H. Cheng, J. J. Zhao and J. D. Rogers, Determination of montelukast (MK-0476) and its 5-enantiomer in human plasma by stereoselective high performance liquid cliromatography with column-switching , ]. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 15 631-638 (1997). 

C. Mougin and J. Dubroca, On-line supercritical fluid extr action and high performance liquid cltromatography for determination of tr iazine compounds in soil, 7. High Resolut. Chromatogr 19 700-702 (1996). 

M. A. J. Bayliss, P. R. Baker and D. Wilkinson, Determination of the two major human metabolites of tipredane in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with column switching , 7. Chromatogr. B 694 199-209 (1997). 

R. M. Mader, B. Rizovski, G. G. Steger, H. Rainer, R. Proprentner and R. Kotz, Determination of methoti exate in human urine at nanomolar levels by high-performance liquid cliromatography with column switching , 7. Chromatogr. 613 311-316 (1993). 

A. J. Szuna, T. E. Mulligan, B. A. Mico and R. W. Blain, Determination of Ro 23-7637 in dog plasma by multidimensional ion-exchange-reversed-phase high-performance liquid cliromatography with ulti aviolet detection , 7. Chromatogr. 616 297-303 (1993). 

T. M. P. Cliichila, P. O. Edlund, J. D. Henion, R. Wilson and R. L. Epstein, Determination of melengesti ol acetate in bovine tissues by automated coupled-column normal-phase high-performance liquid cliromatography , ]. Chromatogr. 488 389-406 (1989). 

K. Yamashita, M. Motohaslii and T. Yashiki, Sensitive high-performance liquid cliro-matographic determination of propranolol in human plasma with ultraviolet detection using column switcliing combined with ion-pair cliromatography , J. Chromatogr. 527 196-200(1990). 

Y. Oda, N. Asakawa, Y. Yoshida and T. Sato, On-line determination and resolution of the enantiomers of ketoprofen in plasma using coupled achiral-cliiral high-performance liquid chromatography , 7. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 10 81-87 (1992). 

H. Fujimoto, I. Nishino, K. Ueno and T. Umeda, Determination of the enantiomers of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist in dog plasma achiral / chiral coupled high performance liquid cliromatography with electrochemical detection , 7. Pharm. Sci. 82 319-322(1993). 

D. Masurel and F W. Wainer, Analytical and preparative high-performance liquid cliromatographic separation of the enantiomers of ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide and ti ofosfamide and their determination in plasma , 7. Chromatogr. 490 133-143 (1989). 

W. Haasnoot, R. Scliilt, A. R. M. Hamers, F. A. Huf, A. Farjam, R. W. Frei and U. A. Th Brinkman, Determination of /3-19-nortestosterone and its metabolite a- 9-nortestosterone in biological samples at the sub parts per billion level by high-performance liquid cliromatography with on-line immunoaffinity sample pretreatment , J. Chromatogr. 489 157-171 (1989). 

C. S. Creaser, S. J. Feely, E. Houghton and M. Seymour, Immunoaffinity cliromatogra-phy combined on-line with high-performance liquid cliromatography-mass spectrome-U y for the determination of corticosteroids , J. Chromatogr. A 794 37-43 (1998). 

G. S. Rule and J. D. Henion, Determination of drugs from urine by on-line immunoaffinity cliromatography-high-performance liquid cliromatography-mass specU ometiy , J. Chromatogr. 582 103-112 (1992). 

R. G. Lichtenthaler and F. Ranfelt, Determination of antioxidants and their transformation products in polyethylene by high-performance liquid chromatography , J. Chromatogr. 149 553-560 (1978). 

Chromatography is a separation process employed for the separation of mixtures of substances. It is widely used for the identification of the components of mixtures, but as explained in Chapters 8 and 9, it is often possible to use the procedure to make quantitative determinations, particularly when using Gas Chromatography (GC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). 

Multi-element analyses involving solvent extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have also been described. The extracts, containing metal-chelate complexes with sulphur-containing reagents, such as dithizone and diethyldithiocarbamate, were used directly for determination of the metals by HPLC.14... 

High performance liquid chromatography is used for the separation and quantitative analysis of a wide variety of mixtures, especially those in which the components are insufficiently volatile and/or thermally stable to be separated by gas chromatography. This is illustrated by the following method which may be used for the quantitative determination of aspirin and caffeine in the common analgesic tablets, using phenacetin as internal standard where APC tablets are available the phenacetin can also be determined by this procedure. 

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