Hemp

The fibre will not bleach easily and generally employed in the manufacture of ropes, twines, sacking, carpets, nets and tarpaulins. In addition, hemp also serves today as a raw material for paper industry. Cottonised hemp does not spin easily alone, but it gives useful yam, when mixed with cotton (up to 50% hemp). 

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Globulins. Proteins insoluble in water, soluble in dilute salt solutions. They include such proteins as myosin from muscle, fibrinogen from blood and edcstin from hemp. 

Fatty Oil Hydrometer. The graduations on this hydrometer are in specific gravity within the range 0.908 to 0.938. The letters on the scale correspond to the specific gravity of the various common oils as follows R, rape O, olive A, almond S, sesame HL, hoof oil HP, hemp C, cotton seed L, linseed. See also Oleometer below. 

Hemophilia A Hemophilus influenzae Hemorrhage Hemorrhoids Hemosiderin Hemo stats Hemp... 

Manila copal [9000-14-0] Manila hemp Manioc Manjak... 

Property Cotton Flax Hemp lute Ramie Polyester... 

The microfibrils iu vegetable fibers are spiral and parallel to one another iu the cell wall. The spiral angles iu flax, hemp, ramie, and other bast fibers are lower than cotton, which accounts for the low extensibiUty of bast fibers. 

Fig. 3. Cross sections (500x) of bast fibers (a), fiax (b), hemp (c), jute (d), kenaf and (e), ramie.

A cross-sectional view of hemp fiber is shown in Figure 3b. It has a Z twist in contrast to the S twist of flax. Hemp is regarded as a substitute for flax in yam and twine. Its eadier use in ropes has been replaced by leaf and synthetic fibers. Hemp fiber is used in Japan, China, CIS, and Italy to make specialty papers, including cigarette paper, but bleaching is difficult. The fiber is coarser and has less flexibiUty than flax. 

Abaca. The abaca fiber is obtained from the leaves of the banana-like plant (same genus) Musa textilis (banana family, Musaceae). The fiber is also called Manila hemp from the port of its first shipment, although it has no relationship with hemp, a bast fiber. The mature plant has 12—20 stalks growing from its rhizome root system the stalks are 2.6—6.7 m tall and 10—20 cm thick at the base. The stalk has leaf sheaths that expand iato leaves 1—2.5 m long, 10—20 cm wide, and 10 mm thick at the center the fibers are ia the outermost layer. The plant produces a crop after five years, and 2—4 stalks can be harvested about every six months. 

Mauritius. Mauritius hemp, also called piteina, is obtaiaed from the Furcraeagigantea also a member of the Agavaceae. The plant is mostly grown on the island of Mauritius, but is also harvested ia Brazil and other tropical countries. The leaves are longer and heavier than those of the agaves. 

Phormium. The Phormium tenax plant yields a long, light-colored, hard fiber also known as New Zealand hemp or flax, although it has none of the bast fiber characteristics. The plant is a perennial of the Agavaceae with leaves up to 4 m long and 10 cm wide. The fibers are recovered by mechanical decortication. 

Uses Abaca Cantala Henequen Sisal Flax Hemp jute Kenaf Ramie Suim Kapok Coir... 

Fibers (see Fibers, survey) used in textile production can have a wide variety of origins plants, ie, ceUulosic fibers (see Fibers, cellulose esters) animals, ie, protein fibers (see Wool) and, in the twentieth century, synthetic polymers. Depending on the part of the plant, the ceUulosic fibers can be classified as seed fibers, eg, cotton (qv), kapok bast fibers, eg, linen from flax, hemp, jute and leaf fibers, eg, agave. Protein fibers include wool and hair fibers from a large variety of mammals, eg, sheep, goats, camels, rabbits, etc, and the cocoon material of insect larvae (sUk). Real sUk is derived from the cocoon of the silkworm, Bombjx mori and for a long time was only produced in China, from which it was traded widely as a highly valuable material. 

Nonwood fibers are used in relatively small volumes. Examples of nonwood pulps and products include cotton Enters for writing paper and filters, bagasse for cormgated media, esparto for filter paper, or Manila hemp for tea bags. Synthetic pulps which are based on such materials as glass (qv) and polyolefins also are used (see Olefin polymers). These pulps are relatively expensive and usually are used in blends with wood pulps where they contribute a property such as tear resistance, stiffness, or wet strength which is needed to meet a specific product requirement. 

Vegetable (based on cellulose) cotton (qv), linen, hemp, jute, ramie Animal (based on proteias) wool (qv), mohair, vicuna, other animal hairs, silk Mineral asbestos (qv)... 

Byssinosis Reactive airway disease associated with inhalation of organic textile fibers,. such as cotton, flax, linen, and hemp. 

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