Indian hemp plant

Marijuana is derived from the Indian hemp plant, Cannabis sativa, a member of the Cannabaceae family and the Urticales (nettle) order. Some botanists claim that this genus contains as many as three other species C. indica, C. ruderalis, and even Humulus lupulus, the hops plant. Other botanists insist that the differences between plants reflect simple variations, not different species. 

CANNABIS Refers to all plant and/or drug forms of the Indian hemp plant, Cannabis sativa. 

Marijuana is the flowering part of the Indian hemp plant Cannabis sativa, a weed-like species that grows wild and is also cultivated in many tropical and temperate parts of the world. Cannabis means hemp in Latin and is derived from the Greek word kannabis. Marijuana probably comes from the Mexican Spanish marijuana/marihuana (Mary s leaf or plant) or from Maria and Juan (Mary and John). Among its many names, marijuana is commonly known as weed, ganja, mary jane, and pot. 

The chemical compounds primarily responsible for the psychoactive and medicinal properties of the hemp plant are concentrated in an aromatic, tar-like resin in the flowering tops of the Indian hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). This resin tends to be most potent in the female plants, especially when they are cultivated before the seeds form. (They are also known as sinsemilla, a Spanish word meaning without seed ) It is said that the hemp plant produces the resin as protection from heat in order to preserve moisture during reproduction. The plants highest in resin therefore tend to grow in hot regions such as Mexico, the Middle East, and India. 

The three most prevalent varieties of the Indian hemp plant are Cannabis sativa (C. sativa), the most common of the three varieties, which is tall, loosely branched, and grows as high as 20 feet Cannabis indica, which is three or four feet in height, pyramidal in shape, and densely branched and Cannabis ruderalis, which grows to a height of about two feet with few or no branches. There is disagreement over whether these three cannabis types are different species or whether C. sativa is the main species of Indian hemp, with the other plants... 

The resin of the flowering tops of the Indian hemp plant contain the chemical compounds responsible for marijuana s psychoactive and medicinal properties. This resin can be collected and pressed into blocks, known as hashish. 

The Indian hemp plant popularly known as marijuana rts resin, flowering tops, leaves, and stem contain the plant s psychoactive substances. 

In 1783, Lamarck contended that the European hemp plant and the Indian hemp plant each warranted its own name. The latter, he noted, contained far more resin than the European plant and it also appeared noticeably different in other distinct ways. Because of these differences, Lamarck reserved the name Cannabis sativa for the European plant and gave the name Cannabis indica to the Indian plant - indica referring to its place of origin. 

Marijuana is a mixture of the chopped up leaves, stems, flowers and seeds of the Indian hemp plant, alias Cannabis Sativa. The intoxicating effects of marijuana are attributed to... 

This finding was predated by the three-volume report of the Indian Hemp Commission from 1898, when Queen Victoria s government concluded that the smoking of cannabis, or hemp, did not impair the work rates of farm labourers in the Indian subcontinent. However, it should be emphasised that these reports were concerned with old-fashioned natural cannabis, whose THC content was around 1-2% this was the type used by hippies in the 1960s. But, during the 1970s selective plant breeding and hydroponic plant cultures led to increased THC values of around... 

Indian hemp [N.A. plant] fibers, charred and uncharred, 61-64/ Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ICP-OES chemical analyses, Philistine potteiy, 402-411 correlation to LA-ICP-MS elemental analysis, Matisse bronze sculptures, 343-346 Olivella biplicata shell compositional chemistry, geographic patterning, 170-180 prehistoric textiles, 29,35 Roman Carthage curse tablets, 319, 332,333/... 

Hexanoate is also likely to feature as a starter unit in the formation of the cannabinoids, a group of terpenophenolics found in Indian hemp (Cannabis sativa Cannabaceae). This plant, and preparations from it, known under a variety of names including hashish, marihuana, pot, bhang, charas, and dagga, have been used for centuries for the pleasurable sensations and mild euphoria experienced after its consumption, usually by smoking. 

Cannabis (Indian hemp, American hemp [listed in the U.S.P. from 1873 to 1942]) consists of the dried flowering tops of the pistillate plants of Cannabis sativa Linne. The plant is an annual... 

Sir William Brooke O Shaughnessy introduced Indian hemp to the West in 1839. William Brooke O Shaughnessy entered the service of the East India Company in 1833 as assistant surgeon. He studied the botany and chemistry of herbs used in oriental medicine and incorporated some into his edition of the Bengal Pharmacopoeia published in 1842. One of these herbs was cannabis, or Indian hemp. His medical treatise recommended an extract from the plant for patients with rabies, cholera, tetanus, and infantile convulsions. Until the end of the 19th century prominent physicians of Europe and North America advocated cannabis extracts for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of migraine headache. 

The first American crop of Indian hemp was planted by English colonists in 1611 near Jamestown, Virginia. Cultivation... 

Indian Hemp consists of the dried flowering or fruiting tops of the pistillate plant of Cannabis sativa, Linn., grown in India from which the resin has not been removed. Br. 

At the turn of the twentieth century, the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, which had been summoned in the 1890s to investigate the use of cannabis in India, concluded that the plant was so much an integral part of the culture and religion of that country that to curtail its usage would certainly lead to unhappiness, resentment, and suffering. Their conclusions ... 

Grierson, G. A. On references to the hemp plant occurring in Sanskrit and Hindi literature." In Indian Hemp Drugs Commission Report. Simla, India 1893-1894, vol.3, pp. 246-249. 

Plant extracts have been used for their effects on the brain and the CNS since time immemorial as evidenced by the use of opium for at least 4000 years,by the long-standing practice of South American Indians to chew coca leaves,and by the widespread use of Indian hemp Cannabis sativa) This section of the review will not discuss these older and well-established agents and will instead focus on four newer classes of compounds with genuine potential for beneficial effects on such important diseases as AD. 

Cannabis resin, or Indian hemp, is derived from the dried flowering tops of pistillate plants of Cannabis sativa and C. indica (Canna-bidaceae). The plants contain 15-20% resin consisting mainly of AMetrahydrocannibol, or THC. THC is technically a benzotetrahy-dropyran and its structure derives from both phenolic and terpenic precursors (Bruneton 1995). It is in a molecular class of its own—the cannabinoids. 

Cannabinoids were extracted from plant material (Indian hemp) with light petroleum (with active carbon, and after evaporation at ambient temperature the residue was examined by TLC in methanol solution (7). Phenolic acids solvent extracted from Saxifraga vayredana, Centranthus ruber, and Lythrum salicaria have been examined (8). Phenolic metabolites in microbial extracts have been isolated by solvent extraction (9). This technique has invariably been only one step in more complex recoveries,... 

In the Indian scripture of the Atharva Veda, the fourth book of the Vedas, the ancient scriptures of the Brahman religion (ca 2,000—1,400 B.C.), bhang (hemp) was identified as one of five sacred plants of India. 

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