Growth factors leukemia inhibitory factor

Boulton, T.G., Stahl, N., Yancopoulos, G.D., 1994. Ciliary neurotrophic factor/leukemia inhibitory factor/interleukin 6/oncostatin M family of cytokines induces tyrosine phosphorylation of a common set of proteins overlapping those induced by other cytokines and growth factors. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (15), 11648-11655. 

Fig. 11.2. Domain structure of cytokine receptors. Schematic representation of the domain structure of selected cytokine receptors. WS motif conserved WSXWS sequence (W tryptophan S serine X non-conserved amino add) IL interleukin EpoR receptor for erythropoietin GHR growth hormone receptor LIF-R leukemia inhibitory factor receptor G-CSFR granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor IFNR interferon receptor TNFR tumor necrosis factor receptor NGFR nerve growth factor receptor Fas, CD40 transmembrane receptors of lymphocytes.

Kamohara H, Takahashi M, Ishiko T, Ogawa M, Baba H. 2007. Induction of interleukin-8 (CXCL-8) by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and leukemia inhibitory factor in pancreatic carcinoma cells Impact of CXCL-8 as an autocrine growth factor. Int J Oncol 31 627-632. 

Dhingra, K., Sahin, A., Emami, K., Hortobagyi, G. N. and Estrov, Z. (1998). Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor in breast cancer a potential autocrine and paracrine growth regulatory mechanism. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 48, 165-174. 

Thrombopoiesis is the term used to describe the process of platelet production. The bone marrow manufactures 40,000 platelets/mL of blood each day. Proliferation and differentiation of platelet precursors are thought to be primarily influenced by cytokines such as IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and perhaps most specifically, by thrombopoietin (TPO or megakaryocyte growth and development factor see Fig. 98-6). Other hematopoietins that may act in concert, producing synergistic effects include IL-3, IL-1, GM-CSF, EPO, and Scf.34 The platelet survival time is a clinical test that can estimate the rate of platelet turnover. In healthy individuals, this time is 9.5 0.6 days.36... 

Murphy, M., Reid, K., Brown, M.A. and Bartlett, P.F. (1993) Involvement of leukemia inhibitory factor and nerve growth factor in the development of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Development 111 1173-1182... 

LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) is a cytokine which inhibits the growth of mouse leukemia cells (Ml cells) and induces their differentiation into macrophages (Gearing et ah, 1987 Hilton et ah,... 

Gillett, N.A., Lowe, D., Lu, L., Chan, C. and Ferrara, N. (1993) Leukemia inhibitory factor expression in human carotid plaques possible mechanism for inhibition of large vessel endothelial regrowth. Growth Factors 9 301-305. 

Metcalf, D. (1992) Leukemia inhibitory factor. A puzzling polyfunctional regulator. Growth Factors 1 169-173. 

Zhang, X.G., Gu, J.J., Lu, Z.Y., Yasukawa, K., Yancopoulos, G.D., Turner, K., Shoyab, M., Taga, T., Kishimoto, T., Bataille, R. and Klein, B. (1994) Ciliary neurotrophic factor, interleukin 11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncosta-tin M are growth factors for human myeloma cell lines using the interleukin 6 signal transducer gpl30. J. Exp. Med. 179 1337-1342. 

N., White, M. F. and Carter-Su, C. (1995) Growth hormone, interferon-, and leukemia inhibitory factor promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. J. Biol. Chem. 270 14685-14692. 

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a glycoprotein acting as growth and differentiation... 

IL-6 family of cytokines that is known primarily for its effects on cell growth. Human OCM shows 25% sequence homology with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Both share a functional high-affinity receptor that is composed of gpl30 and a LIF receptor subunit. OSM is well known for its function in infiaramation, cell proliferation, and hematopoiesis. Furthermore, OSM induces potent growth-inhibitory and morphogenic responses in several different tumor cell types [T. M. Rose, A. G. Bruce, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1991, 88, 8641 ... 

The BBB is known to transport several cytokines in the blood-to-brain direction. For example, the BBB transports the IL-l s, IL-6, and TNF by three separate transport systems. Additionally, nerve growth factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor, interferons, neurotrophins, and leukemia inhibitory factor (Poduslo and Curran, 1996 Pan et al., 1997b Pan et al., 1998b Pan et al., 1998a) are also transported across the BBB. In some cases, the same gene which gives rise to a cytokine s receptor also produces the cytokine s transporter, whereas in other cases the receptor and transporter are immunologic ally distinct proteins (Banks and Kastin, 1992 Pan and Kastin,... 

Mouse E14 ES cells were routinely grown onto a monolayer of mitomycin-treated primary embryonic mouse fibroblasts as a source of cytokines and growth factors. The medium consisted of DMEM with 15% fetal calf serum (Gibco, Cergy Pontoise, France), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 pg/mL streptomycin, 1 pM a-mercaptoe-thanol, and 10 U/mL leukemia-inhibitory factor (LIF Gibco). ES cells were grown at 37°C in a humidified chamber with 10% CO2. ES cells were recovered with trypsin treatment for SdFFF experiments or subcultures. The SdFFF separation device used in this study includes a separation channel, which consisted of two 870 x 30 x... 

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