Gross cleaning

Abrasive cleaning The removal of surface material (gross cleaning), including contamination, by an abrasive action. 

Etching, cleaning by Removing surface material (often substrate material) by chemical etching. Removal of the surface material also removes the contamination. See also Gross cleaning. 

Gross cleaning (cleaning) Cleaning by removal of surface material as well as contaminant material. See also Specific cleaning. 

Specific cleaning (cleaning) Cleaning procedures directed toward removing specific contaminants. Example The removal of hydrocarbon contaminants by oxidation. See also Gross cleaning. 

Simple strainers remove gross materials. These should not normally occur in public supply, but strainers are sometimes fitted to protect sensitive equipment or processes against breaks in the main, etc. The commonest form contains a stainless-steel wedge wire screen and is piped with a bypass so that the screen element can be isolated and removed for cleaning when necessary. If the load on the filter makes this kind of cleaning burdensome a self-flushing filter can be used. These can incorporate strainer elements down to 50 pm. 

The Memorandum covers furnaces with a gross heat input in the range of 0.15-150MW. (The 1968 Clean Air Act, Section 6, requires chimney height approvals for furnaces for burning fuel at a rate greater than 1.25 million BTUs per hour. This is equivalent to 0.375 MW.)... 

Figure 10.17 STM images of the changes in surface structure observed when meth-anethiol is adsorbed at a Cu(110) surface at room temperature, (a) Clean surface with terraces approximately lOnm wide separated by multiple steps, (b) After exposure to 2 L of methanethiol there has been considerable step-edge movement. On the terraces a local c(2 x 2) structure is evident, (c) After a further 7 L exposure, a view of a different area of the crystal shows rounded short terraces these still retain the c(2 x 2) local structure, (d) After 60 L gross changes to the surface are evident and the STM is unable to image at high resolution.

Gross contamination can overload the HPLC or GC columns with obvious and usually rapid deterioration of chromatographic performance. This can occur with so called rapid techniques where the detector is used as a filter, e.g., selected ion monitoring (SIM) MS, or where the clean-up method has been overloaded (e.g., excess of lipid). This problem can be overcome by using and monitoring more selective clean-up techniques. 

Distribution of GNB on Garnetting Materials, Clean Fiber and Gross Botanical Trash t... 

Establishment of the location of microorganisms, that is, whether primarily on the fiber and or on the botanical trash entrained with the fiber, is of practical importance for attempts to remove GNB from cotton materials. This study shows that GNB are more highly concentrated on gross botanical trash found in cotton materials than on cleaned lint or linters. However, since the trash removal procedure involved separation of only those botanical fragments > 50 pm, it may be that some GNB on cleaned fiber are localized on smaller particles still entrained in the lint or linters. 

While data in Tables IV and V show that GNB are more highly concentrated on separated trash than on cleaned lint or linters, it does not follow that removal of all gross trash from cotton materials will produce a material which Involves a lower risk of medical symptoms among those exposed to the dust. Thus for raw cottons In Table IV assuming that 35.7 x 10 GNB occur on all botanical trash [2.8% of sample weight (Table I)] and 0.8 x 10 ... 

GNB remain on the lint (97.2% of raw cotton weight), simple calculations show that only about 56% of the total GNB content in raw cotton is localized on the gross trash. Removal of all gross trash from raw cotton will still leave about 44% of the GNB on the lint or on the fine particulate associated with the lint. Thus, extensive cleaning of these raw cottons either in the gin or in the preparative steps of cotton yarn production might not significantly lower the content of entrained GNB. 

The experience from the preliminary experiment on washing demonstrates that this is effective in reducing GNB to very low levels both on the gross botanical trash entrained in raw cotton as well as on the lint itself. Washing, as opposed to the mechan-nical removal of trash by extensive air cleaning operations, appears to offer a better means of lowering the levels of GNB found on both the trash and lint fractions of raw cotton. 

The main unit is the catalytic primaiy process reactor for gross production, based on the ATR of biodiesel. After the primary step, secondary units for both the CO clean-up process and the simultaneous increase of the concentration are employed the content from the reformated gas can be increased through the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction by converting the CO with steam to CO and H. The high thermal shift (HTS) reactor is operating at 575-625 K followed by a low thermal shift (LTS) reactor operating at 475-535 K (Ruettinger et al., 2003). A preferential oxidation (PROX) step is required to completely remove the CO by oxidation to COj on a noble metal catalyst. The PROX reaction is assumed to take place in an isothermal bed reactor at 425 K after the last shift step (Rosso et al., 2004). 

Gross contact of the hands with solutions of oxalic acid (5.3% and 11.5% in 2 reported cases) used as cleaning solutions caused tingling, burning, soreness, and cyanosis of the fingers. ... 

Maintenance and Production Activities Parts cleaning is a common component of maintenance and production activities. These activities often involve the removal of bulk or gross contamination. In the past, maintenance activities were conducted mainly with petroleum solvents such as mineral spirits while production activities employed the use of alkaline cleaners. The use of halogenated solvents became popular because they exhibited good solvency for organic contaminants evaporated... 

The samples collected can either be assayed individually or combined, and then a subset of the gross sample is assayed as depicted in Figure 1 and described below. Sample increments should be combined on a clean, dry surface or in a suitable container or bag. All containers that the sample comes into contact with should be inert and not chemically or physically react with the sample. In addition, accurate sample labeling and records must be kept. If the sample is divided, then the retained portion should be kept for possible future analysis and labeled with at least the date, gross field sample number, lot number, and/or reference number from bill of lading. The material to be tested should be labeled with at least the date, gross field sample... 

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