Glyptal

Polyesters from polybasic acids and polyhydric alcohols. Alkyd resins. The condensation of polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids or anhydrides leads to polj esters known as alkyd resins. The most common member of the group is a glycerol - phthahc acid polymer, and this has led to the term glyptal resins being frequently apphed to the whole group. 

Glyptal is a highly cross-linked thermosetting resin produced by heating glyc-... 

Glycolyzed PET waste, polyester polyols from, 559-560 Glyptal resins, 18... 

Resins (Continued) alkyd, 30-31, 59-60 alkylphenolic, 376 Bakelite, 1 cyanate, 418 fiberglass, 30 general-purpose, 59 glyptal, 18... 

Glycerin, glycerol. A thick, syrupy, sweetish liquid used as a plasticiser, a mould lubricant and as a raw material for the manufacture of glyptal resins. 

The glyptals made from phthalic anhydride and glycerol were developed as compositions for use in paints and varnishes. If the reaction was carried out too long the product became intractible. But under milder conditions, other products could be obtained which could be used in making soluble products and then they could be set further after forming. It was learned that by modifying the reaction mixture with some monobasic acid to balance the hydroxyls and carboxyls in the reaction mixture, more soluble products could be obtained. Kienle of General Electric, was one of the early developers of these products. Later many other alkyd resins from other polyhydroxyl compounds and poly acids were produced for technical use. 

A new wooden fume cupboard was varnished with glyptal (glyceryl phthalate) resin. After a few weeks use with nitrous fumes , the resin spontaneously and violently ignited. This was attributed to formation and decomposition of glyceryl trinitrate or similar compounds. 

Uses Solvent in nitrocellulose coatings, vinyl films and Glyptal resins paint removers cements and adhesives organic synthesis manufacture of smokeless powders and colorless synthetic resins preparation of 2-butanol, butane, and amines cleaning fluids printing catalyst carrier acrylic coatings. 

Till this time, polymer science was largely empirical, instinctive, and intuitive. Several polymers were commercially available prior to World War I celluloid, shellac, Galalith (casein), Bakelite, and cellulose acetate plastics hevea rubber, cotton, wool, and silk rayon fibers Glyptal polyester coatings bitumen or asphalt, and coumarone-indene and petroleum resins. However, as evidenced by the chronological data shown in Table 1.1, there was little... 

Problem 16.56 Indicate the reactions involved and show the structures of the following condensation polymers obtained from the indicated reactants (a) Nylon 66 from adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine (b) Nylon 6 from e-caprolactam (c) Dacron from methyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol (d) Glyptal from glycerol and terephthalic acid (e) polyurethane from diisocyanates and ethylene glycol. ... 

The bulk of polyester production in the United States has gone to the synthetic coatings field in the manufacture of glyptal resin coatings and varnishes, with production between 200,000,000 and 300,000,000 pounds in the postwar years. A recent development has been the use of polyester-styrene copolymers reinforced by Fiberglas for the manufacture of items such as low-pressure molded boats, corrugated structural sheet, and plastic pipe. The 1947 requirements for glycerol in the production of polyester resins and... 

As long as tn processes of this type only bifunctional monomers are used, the resulting macromolecules are linear and, as a consequence, are of the soluble and fusible type. They can be used as fiber formers, rubbers or thermoplastic resins. If. however, some of the monomers are Ui- or tetra-inethylolnrea, the reaction leads to three-dimensional polymeric networks which are hard and bntde thermosetting resins, such as Bakelite or Glyptal. ... 

Turpentine is used in syntheses by llie chemical and pharmaceutical industries. It also is used as a paint thinner and as a component of polishes and cleaning compounds. Pine oil finds application as a penetrant, wetting agent and preservative, especially by the textile and paper industries, and as an inexpensive deodorant and disinfectant in specialty products. The resin acids are used in the production of ester gum, Glyptal resins and are indispensable in paper sizing,... 

Thermosetting space-network polymers can be prepared through the reaction of polybasic acid anhydrides with polyhydric alcohols. A linear polymer is obtained with a bifunctional anhydride and a bifunctional alcohol, but if either reactant has three or more reactive sites, then formation of a three-dimensional polymer is possible. For example, 2 moles of 1,2,3-propane-triol (glycerol) can react with 3 moles of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic anhydride (phthalic anhydride) to give a highly cross-linked resin, which usually is called a glyptal ... 

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