Gender influence

Dash, R., Frank, K.F., Carr, A.N., et al., 2001, Gender influences on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-handling in failing human myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol, 33(7), pp 1345-53. 

Reed, J.T., Ghadially, R., and Elias, P.M., Skin type, but neither race nor gender, influence epidermal permeability barrier function. Arch. Dermatol. 131, 1995, 1134—1138. 

FuruyaT, Salstrom JL, McCall-Vining S, Cannon GW, Joe B, Remmers EF, Griffiths MM, Wilder RL Genetic dissection ofa rat model for rheumatoid arthritis significant gender influences on autosomal modifier loci. Hum Mol Genet 2000 9 2241-50. 

Franklin MR, Phillips JD, Kushner JP. 1997. Cytochrome P450 induction, uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase depression, porphyin accumulation and excretion, and gender influence in a 3-week rat model of porphyria cutanea tarda. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 147 289-299. 

Booysen, L. (1999). Male and female managers Gender influences on South African managers in retail banking. South African Journal of Labour Relations, 23 28cS), 25-35. 

Table 1. CPTI inhibition results in gender-influenced death in PPARa —I— mice. The mice received a single daily intraperitoneal injection of vehicle (Veh, sterile water) or etomoxir (Eto, SO ig/g body mass) for S consecutive days. Other abbreviations are M male, F female.

Rajka G (1974) Transepidermal water loss on the hands in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Forsch 251 111-115 Reed JT, Ghadially R, Elias PM (1995) Skin type but neither race nor gender, influence epidermal permeability barrier function. Arch Dermatol 131 1134-1138 Reed WB, Kierland RR, Code CF (1958) Vascular reactions in chronically inflamed skin. Ill Action of histamine, the histamine releaser 48-80 and monoethanolamine nicotinate (Nicamin). Arch Dermatol 77 263-268 Reinertson R, Wheatley V (1959) Studies on the chemical composition of human epidermal lipids. J Invest Dermatol 32 49-58 Rietschel RL (1995) Physiologic response of chronically inflamed and accommodated human skin. Curr Probl Dermatol 23 104-107... 

Recent experiments (4) have shown that there are no significant age or gender-related differences in thermal environment preference when all other factors such as weight of clothing and activity level are the same. Whereas people often accept thermal environments outside of their comfort range, there is no evidence that they adapt to these other conditions. Their environmental preference does not change. Similarly there is no evidence that there is any seasonal or circadian rhythm influence on a person s thermal preference. 

Certain factors may influence drug response and are considered when the primary health care provider prescribes and the nurse administers a drug. These factors include age, weight, gender, disease, and route of administration. 

The gender of an individual may influence the action of some drugp. Women may require a smaller dose of some drugp than men. This is because many women are smaller than men and have a body fat-and-water ratio different from that of men. 

Bolla KI, McCann UD, Ricaurte GA Memory impairment in abstinent MDMA ( ecstasy ) users. Neurology 51 1532—1537, 1998 Borgen L, Lane E, Lai A Xyrem (sodium oxybate) a study of dose proportionality in healthy human subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 40 1053, 2000 Borgen LA, Okerholm R, Morrison D, et al The influence of gender and food on the pharmacokinetics of sodium oxybate oral solution in healthy subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 43 59-65, 2003... 

Detailed sub-analyses of a variety of clinical trials have provided information about host and viral factors influencing the virologic response in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The most important factors include the HCV genotype, HCV RNA concentration at baseline, age, weight, gender, ethnicity, liver enzymes, and stage of fibrosis (Mihm et al. 2006 Pawlotsky 2005). 

Loft, S., Vistisen, K., Ewertz, M., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K. and Poulsen, H.E. (1992). Oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion in humans influence of smoking, gender and body mass index. Carcinogenesis 13, 2441-2447. 

Non-modifiable risk factors include age, gender, race/ ethnicity, and heredity. Ischemic stroke risk is increased in those greater than 55 years of age, in men, and in African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asian-Pacific Islanders. It is also increased in those with a family history of stroke. Modifiable risk factors include a number of treatable disease states and lifestyle factors that can greatly influence overall stroke risk. Hypertension is... 

Even though chromosomal abnormalities correlate with prognosis in adult AML, they appear to have less influence on outcome. Among children, the male gender, platelet count of less than 20 x 1 03/jllL (20 x 109/L), hepatomegaly, more than 15% bone marrow blasts on day 14 of induction, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and FAB sub-type M5 all were associated with lower CR rates. The absence of these features and abnormal chromosome 16 were associated with more favorable outcomes.6... 

Guarnaccia, P. J., Angel, R. Worobey, J. L. (1989). The factor structure of the CES-D in the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey the influences of ethnicity, gender, and... 

Most lung deposition models are based on the influence of particle size on aerosol deposition. Breathing parameters, such as breathing frequency and tidal volume, play a key role in lung deposition [15]. Table 2 shows the breathing parameters for healthy male volunteers subjected to various levels of exercise on a bicycle ergometer [16], There are known differences in these parameters based on gender, age, and disease... 

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